Somalia's flag    Somalia


Official language: Somali
Currency: Somali Shilling
Capital City: Mogadishu
Area: 637657km2
Subregional membership(s): East Africa, Inter-Governmental Authority for Development (IGAD), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)


18143.4K
2023

Mid-year population
7.6B
2021

GDP at current prices, USD
111.8
2021

Under five mortality rate
8.4
2021

Primary enrolment ratio
Population and migration
United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)2.732.764.243.613.623.653.193.103.043.07
Population - Urban (%)42.7043.2043.8044.40
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)52.352.952.953.654.355.154.053.354.155.3
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)2.162.96
Population - Female (thousands)6,6386,8657,1287,4137,6867,9708,2478,5108,7759,047
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)8.878.59
Population - Urban (thousands)5,7676,0156,2746,5446,8277,1237,4317,7528,0878,435
Total fertility rate (per woman)7.17.06.96.76.66.56.46.36.26.1
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)6.556.76
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)3.543.90
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)7.127.50
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)7.987.81
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)8.408.30
Population - Urban (%)42.6843.2443.8244.3944.9745.5546.1446.7347.3247.92
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)5.135.33
Population - Total (thousands)13,30913,76414,29314,86415,41115,98116,53717,06617,59818,143
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)2.392.67
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)54.354.955.055.756.457.156.055.356.157.4
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)7.337.26
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)8.178.28
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)56.456.957.357.858.659.158.157.458.259.5
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)12.2811.86
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)11.069.98
Population - Male (thousands)6,6716,8997,1657,4517,7258,0118,2908,5568,8229,097
Population - Female (%)49.8749.8749.8749.8749.8749.8749.8749.8749.8749.86
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)-3.207.14
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)9.018.81
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)4.204.224.234.234.244.244.234.234.214.19
Population - Male (%)49.9049.8949.8849.8749.8749.8649.86
Health
World Bank, United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
132.4128.1123.7119.8116.0112.4108.9105.4
144.9140.3136.5132.4128.6124.5120.7117.0
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)
144.9140.3136.5132.4128.6124.5120.7117.0
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
132.4128.1123.7119.8116.0112.4108.9105.4
138.9134.5130.3126.1122.5118.6114.9111.8
138.9134.5130.3126.1122.5118.6114.9111.8
Education
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)69.8164.65
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)
Literacy rate - Female (%)
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)2.9
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)41.03
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)
Literacy rate - Total (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)28.01
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)5.46
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)
Literacy rate - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)8.45
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)83.8376.30
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)0.890.94
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)75.6970.47
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)54.04
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)250,453
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)
National accounts
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)33,40332,37533,08635,462
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)1.71.51.41.5
Prices
Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period4.31
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year2.90
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)4.31
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)104.20105.66108.09111.22
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100109.15113.86
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)1.261.402.302.90
Energy
African Union Commission, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)383394406418
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)0.00.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)0000
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)372383394406419432
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)000
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)000000
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)192197209223
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)350350350350
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)000
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)0.10.10.10.10.10.1
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)223238254
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)372383394406419432
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)91.0093.0099.00105.00
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)000000
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)83.084.085.0
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)0.0
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)11111212
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)372383394406
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)113,000117,000122,000
Tourism

Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Transport

Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Information society
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)0.430.370.340.000.50
33.1238.7038.7065.5270.0070.0070.00
35,160
1.631.761.882.00
0.21
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)41.3242.4046.5547.8949.6651.4853.4851.82
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)40.9742.3046.9048.8050.99
0.009.0018.0025.0030.0030.00
1.631.761.882.00
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)5,500,0005,836,0006,653,0407,119,0007,653,040
0.68
0.530.60.640.660.610.720.7
0.21
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)0.430.370.340.490.570.550.53
70,00082,00092,00098,00098,000119,000119,000
85.0038.7038.7065.5246.4780.0080.0080.00
35,160
, 2018=1005,929,39046,459,75021,903,24014,473,5209,236,11024,894,45045,738,26012,567,760
International trade
International Road Federation
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)1,0511,0381,067994.01,1191,1311,1781,305
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)3,9043,9874,1944,6245,1235,4235,8186,370
Banking, insurance, financial statistics
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)20,23122,25423,06223,098
Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics
World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)0.00.00.00.00.00.1
Net ODA - current USD (millions)1,1091,2611,1841,760
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)-0.070.310.620.550.040.370.35-1.13
International reserves - current USD (millions)
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)82.0890.6382.67119.41
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)56.8452.2549.9150.8295.5687.2767.2566.69
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)16.97
Balance of payments
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)1,3171,6231,962
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)-6.54-6.30-7.07-7.75-6.16-10.44-10.80-14.92
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)-53.80
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)261.0303.0330.0369.0408.0447.0464.0455.5
Current account balance - current USD (millions)-343.0-318.0-435.0-497.0
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)1,3171,6231,962
Environment
United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)10.10
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Land area covered by forest (%)