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Mozambique

Official language: Portuguese
Currency: Mozambique Metical (New)
Capital City: Maputo
Area: 801590km²
Subregional membership(s): Southern Africa, Southern African Development Community (SADC), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Mineral-rich countries

33897.4K

₂₀₂₃

Mid-year population

15.8B

₂₀₂₁

GDP at current prices, USD

69.6

₂₀₂₁

Under five mortality rate

121.2

₂₀₂₂

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	2.82	3.04	3.21	3.00	2.90	2.87	2.94	2.75	2.74	2.81
Population - Urban (%)	33.90	34.40	34.90	35.50
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	55.0	55.8	56.5	57.2	57.7	58.3	58.1	56.2	56.5	59.5
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)		4.27		4.51
Population - Female (thousands)	13,316	13,715	14,135	14,567	14,997	15,434	15,885	16,340	16,793	17,263
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)		11.18		10.30
Population - Urban (thousands)	9,219	9,636	10,069	10,519	10,987	11,473	11,978	12,504	13,049	13,615
Total fertility rate (per woman)	5.1	5.1	5.0	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.5
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)		5.62		6.15
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)		3.23		3.51
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)		8.10		8.26
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)		7.17		8.18
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)		7.03		6.83
Population - Urban (%)	33.88	34.40	34.93	35.45	35.99	36.53	37.07	37.63	38.19	38.75
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)		4.35		4.70
Population - Total (thousands)	26,039	26,843	27,696	28,569	29,424	30,286	31,178	32,077	32,970	33,897
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)		2.36		2.55
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	57.3	58.2	59.0	59.8	60.5	61.2	61.2	59.3	59.6	62.4
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)		6.71		6.61
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)		9.12		9.67
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	59.4	60.4	61.5	62.2	63.2	63.9	64.2	62.4	62.7	65.2
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)		11.44		10.08
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)		9.20		8.50
Population - Male (thousands)	12,723	13,128	13,561	14,002	14,427	14,852	15,293	15,737	16,176	16,635
Population - Female (%)	51.14	51.09	51.04	50.99	50.97	50.96	50.95	50.94	50.94	50.93
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)		0.98					1.03
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)		10.21		10.14
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	4.42	4.40	4.37	4.35	4.33	4.31	4.29	4.27	4.25	4.22
Population - Male (%)	48.38	48.41	48.45	48.49	48.52	48.56	48.59

Health

World Bank, World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
	83.3	78.9	75.7	73.5	71.4	68.8	66.9	64.9
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	91.00
	93.1	88.7	85.6	83.2	81.0	78.2	76.2	73.9
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	20.00	21.00
	93.1	88.7	85.6	83.2	81.0	78.2	76.2	73.9
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
	83.3	78.9	75.7	73.5	71.4	68.8	66.9	64.9
	88.3	84.0	80.8	78.4	76.3	73.5	71.6	69.6
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	26.20	25.30
	88.3	84.0	80.8	78.4	76.3	73.5	71.6	69.6

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	112.72	113.84	113.16	116.26	120.33	123.11	123.66	120.84	124.33
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	35.25	35.22	27.64	38.92	30.60	32.28	42.72	33.48	38.94
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)		62.67		65.49			64.51	69.05
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)		3.5
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)	19.87	19.32
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	54.8	54.7	53.6	52.4	55.3
Literacy rate - Female (%)		43.06		50.30
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	2,982,000	3,087,976	3,144,659	3,188,449	3,406,166	3,594,602	3,723,272	3,737,813	3,938,694
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)		3.1		3.9			4.4
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	87.34	88.77	88.73	88.23	92.48	96.28
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	92.50	94.27	92.81	91.52	95.38	98.91
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)		0.9		0.9
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	1.9	1.8		2.1
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	1.7	1.6		1.9
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	34.25			40.51	42.80	43.47
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)		56.04		60.66			59.78
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	7.07	7.49	7.89	7.67
Primary completion rate - Female (%)	36.10	42.40	39.40
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.7	8.0	8.2	8.4		8.4
Literacy rate - Total (%)		56.04		60.66
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)		2.6
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	3.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)		0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	7.6	7.6	7.6	8.1	8.3	8.6	8.6		8.7
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	1.8	1.7		2.0
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)		43.06		50.30			48.57
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	33.38	33.57	26.78	37.01	30.34	31.94	41.30	33.63	37.89
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Male (%)	43.50
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)	15.2			14.1	15.2
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	33.23			38.92	41.81	43.07
Literacy rate - Male (%)		70.76		72.60
Primary completion rate - Total (%)	35.00	43.27	37.80
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	107.60	108.63	108.65	112.01	116.09	119.07	120.16	116.94	121.18
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	6.05	6.47	7.04	6.94
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4
Primary completion rate - Male (%)	35.70	41.68	39.10
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)		79.07		77.26			76.46	75.96
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	102.50	103.43	104.14	107.75	111.84	115.01	116.64	113.02	118.01
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	31.54	31.95	25.94	35.11	30.07	31.61	39.88	33.78	36.85
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	5.03	5.47	6.21	6.21
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)								1.01
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)		70.53		70.91			70.08	72.48
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	32.16			37.27	40.76	42.66
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)	20.58	19.23
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	8.0	8.0	7.9	8.4	8.7	8.9	8.9		8.9
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)		70.76		72.60			72.47
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	89.91	91.51	90.77	89.87	93.93	97.60	99.13
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)	20.22	19.28
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	5,705,343	5,901,996	6,042,936	6,138,518	6,563,376	6,940,864	7,219,935	7,216,319	7,656,055
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Female (%)	38.91
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)	41.73	35.17	43.37	42.35
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	2,723,343	2,814,020	2,898,277	2,950,069	3,157,210	3,346,262	3,496,663	3,478,506	3,717,361
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)	40.1	39.7		36.5

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	531.8	591.7	687.1	804.5
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)	17.0	14.8	10.9	12.7

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	2.56	3.55	17.42	15.11	3.91	2.78	3.14	-22.50	4.08
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	1.93	10.55	21.15	5.65	3.52	3.50	3.52	-22.93	4.94
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	2.56	3.55	17.42	15.11	3.91	2.78	3.14	-22.50	4.08
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	194.03	215.57	261.06	297.52
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	121.96	126.29	148.29	170.70	177.38	182.31	188.04	145.73	151.68
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	1.10	11.10	21.10	13.97	3.91	2.79	3.14	5.29

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	17,739	19,105	19,423	19,790
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	11,724	11,358	12,224	13,183
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	3,103	2,930	2,736
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	1.2	1.21	1.22
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.7	2.7
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	913.00	1,168	1,226	1,292
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	2,567	2,621	2,626
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	16,169	16,398	15,609	15,833
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	1,569	2,706	3,123	3,271
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)

Tourism

World Bank, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	1,661
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	6.37	6.37		7.90
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	7.39	7.31		8.80
Overnight stays (thousands)	551.0	410.0	384.0	300.0
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	4.85	4.88	3.02
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	225.0	202.0	114.0	164.0	331.0	324.0	113.0
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	331.0	322.0	305.0
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)	22.3	30.0	34.4	34.7	35.3

Transport

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)	3,116

Information society

United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
				31.36
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.33	0.33	0.30	0.28	0.21
	40.00	40.00	75.00	80.00	82.00	82.00	85.00	85.00
		11,364	12,246	36,491	19,424	38,374	40,000	39,871
	6.00	6.50	7.00	7.80	10.90	15.10	16.50
		0.11	0.12	0.09	0.16	0.02	0.02	0.02
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	70.98	75.01	54.25	41.57	47.83	48.78	49.60	42.67
				26.39
		1,043	525	478	5,042	24,291	25,000	20,462
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	70.31	74.46	53.99	41.45	47.72
		0.00	0.00	0.00	33.00	40.00	50.00	50.00
	6.00	6.50	7.00	7.80	10.90	15.10	16.50
								17.37
				36.84
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	18,482,638	20,134,932	15,025,598	11,875,506	14,074,248	14,773,364
									0.18
	0.14	0.16	0.17	0.22	0.24	0.23	0.22	0.2
		0.04	0.04	0.13	0.07	0.13	0.13	0.12
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.33	0.33	0.30	0.28	0.21	0.27	0.29	0.19
	36,985	42,570	46,599	61,641	70,142	69,975	70,000	65,495
	72.00	78.00	80.00	80.00	85.00	85.00	85.00	85.00
		30,163	33,828	24,672	45,676	7,310	7,000	5,162
		0	0	0	0.02	0.08	0.08	0.06
, 2018=100	66,403,510	98,544,380	86,765,100	96,408,350	58,147,510	69,302,080	89,957,060	70,386,520

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	5,542	4,957	4,004	5,100	6,661	4,966	4,190
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	14,205	10,022	8,606	8,082	12,223	12,271	10,300

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Interest rate - Lending (%)	14.80	14.87
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	31.35	39.98	63.06	63.58	60.33	62.55
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	31.35	39.98
Deposit rate (%) (%)	8.58	8.53

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	12.7	23.0	29.5	24.9	31.2	34.0	24.3	109.3
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)		-42.5	-41.3	-24.6	-61.3	-1.4	-53.3	-43.8	-22.0
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	2,106	1,815	1,529	1,776
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	64.34	87.43	119.16	100.02	103.60	96.05	119.02	102.32	126.42
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-9.89	-6.66	-5.12	-1.99	-5.59	-0.15	-5.12	-3.58
International reserves - current USD (millions)	3,221	2,581	2,183		3,258	3,888	4,091	3,781
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	77.39	64.79	53.04	59.85
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	199.71	245.86	369.35	360.88	344.94	361.66	429.74	398.59
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)	12.57

Balance of payments

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	107.2	108.7	108.7
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)	-23.9	-13.0
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)	-21.6	3.5
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-36.34	-37.41	-32.22	-19.56	-30.31	-19.07	-27.58	-22.45
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	52.8	54.9	52.9	114.9
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-23.50
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-4,035.3	-4,163.3	-1,404.7	-497.8
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)	-0.1	-39.6	-113.1	124.8
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	-2,932.3	-2,306.4	-2,701.1	-2,331.8
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	4,902	3,867	3,093	2,293	2,703	2,212	3,035	5,102
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-5,797.1	-5,967.9	-3,846.0	-2,585.5
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-201.9	-300.1	-260.7	-393.5
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	97.0	1.5	34.7	26.0	-25.3	-30.9	153.4	193.7
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)	-16.1	65.2
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	24,870	28,737	31,830
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	1,372	802.0	520.5	637.6

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)		48.20
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Land area covered by forest (%)

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Mozambique

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