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| Indicator name andcode |
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary (SOC.EDU.SR.001)
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Definition
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The proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach last grade of primary measures the percentage of a cohort of pupils enrolled in grade 1 of the primary level of education in a given school year who are expected to reach the last grade of primary school, regardless of repetition.
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Keywords |
N/A |
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Sub classifications |
- Female (%)
- Male (%)
- Total (%)
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| Measurement/Methodology |
Concepts
Primary education, according to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED97), normally consists of programmes designed on a unit or project basis to give pupils a sound basic education in reading, writing and mathematics along with an elementary understanding of other subjects such as history, geography, natural science, social science, art and music.
Survival rate to the last grade of primary education is another term that is sometimes used to describe the proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who are expected to reach the last grade of primary education.
Method of computation
The indicator is typically estimated from data on enrolment by grade for two consecutive years and repeaters by grade for the second year, in a procedure called the reconstructed cohort method. This method assumes that drop-outs do not return to school; that the promotion, repetition and drop-out rates for the last two years remain constant over the entire period in which the cohort is enrolled in school; and that the same rates apply to all pupils enrolled in a given grade, regardless of whether they previously repeated a grade.
The calculation is made by dividing the total number of pupils belonging to a school cohort who reach each successive grade up to the last grade of primary education by the number of pupils in the school cohort (in this case the students originally enrolled in grade 1 of primary education) and multiplying the result by 100.
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| Data availability and process of obtaining data |
The indicator is based on grade-specific enrolment data for two successive years and on grade repeater data for the second year. These data are collected by countries on an annual basis through regular school surveys. Household survey data, which can be obtained from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in a standard way, can also be used as they include information on current and last year school grades, as well as on level of attendance.
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| Comments and limitations |
Since the calculation of the proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach last grade of primary is based on pupil-flow rates, the reliability of the survival rate depends on the consistency of data coverage on enrolment and repeaters over time and across grades. Given that this indicator is usually estimated using cohort analysis models that are based on a number of assumptions, care should be taken in using the results in comparisons. Because flows caused by re-entrants, grade skipping, migration or transfers during the school year are not adequately captured, the indicator does not fully measure the true degree to which school entrants survive through primary education.
To complete the picture of primary completion, the indicator should be complemented by the intake rate to grade 1, which is given by the new entrants in the first grade of primary education expressed as a percentage of the population at the official primary school-entrance age. Together, these two indicators provide a much better measure of the proportion of children in the population who complete primary education.
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| Possible sources |
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| Aggregation method |
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| Periodicity |
Annual
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| Coverage |
data points,
countries |
| Used data source(s) |
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| Core indicator? |
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N/A - Information not available
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