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Gambia, the

Official language: English
Currency: Gambia Dalasi
Capital City: Banjul
Area: km²
Subregional membership(s): West Africa, Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

2773.2K

₂₀₂₃

Mid-year population

1.5B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

Under five mortality rate

100.8

₂₀₂₀

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)		0.71					2.27
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	3.02	3.00	2.98	2.96	2.93	2.91	2.88	2.85
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	4.33	3.96	3.96	3.96
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	62.0	62.3	62.6	62.8	63.2	63.5	63.8	64.2
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	59.4	59.6	59.8	60.1	60.4	60.7	61.0	61.3
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	60.7	60.9	61.2	61.4	61.7	62.1	62.4	62.7
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)		9.23		8.93
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)		6.71		6.15
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)		7.11		6.67
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)		9.53		8.86
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)		10.77		10.68
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)		11.46		11.10
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)		10.02		10.19
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)		8.05		8.45
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)		6.33		6.77
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)		7.18		7.01
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)		4.42		4.97
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)		3.35		3.61
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)		2.38		2.62
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)		3.45		3.99
Population - Female (%)	50.39	50.39	50.40	50.40	50.40	50.40	50.41
Population - Female (thousands)	1,103	1,135	1,167	1,198	1,230	1,262	1,294	1,327	1,360	1,393
Population - Male (%)	49.61	49.61	49.60	49.60	49.60	49.60	49.59
Population - Male (thousands)	1,086	1,118	1,151	1,183	1,215	1,247	1,280	1,313	1,346	1,380
Population - Total (thousands)	2,189	2,253	2,317	2,381	2,445	2,509	2,574	2,640	2,706	2,773
Population - Urban (%)	58.50	59.20	59.90	60.60	61.30	61.90	62.60
Population - Urban (%)	58.50	59.20	59.90	60.60
Population - Urban (thousands)	1,122	1,171	1,221	1,273
Total fertility rate (per woman)	5.4	5.4	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.2	5.1	5.0

Health

United Nations Statistics Division, World Health Organization

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	86.00
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	5.40	5.30
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	59.00	59.00

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)		29.95
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)		59.03
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)		43.47
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	90.66	93.02	82.36	99.07	102.46	106.93	92.45
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	85.87	87.12	100.52	91.47	93.64	96.48	109.01
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	88.25	90.05	91.51	95.24	98.01	101.66	100.79
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)			66.41	74.58
Literacy rate - Female (%)		41.58
Literacy rate - Male (%)		61.77
Literacy rate - Total (%)		50.78
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)		64.45
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)		70.74
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)		67.16
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	2.8
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	72.69	76.21	70.62	81.42			78.66
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	67.15	69.95	85.44	73.84			92.32
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	69.90	73.06	78.09	77.60			85.54
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	140,057	150,320	158,636	170,065	181,513	195,302	205,804
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	134,846	143,183	150,093	159,763	168,810	179,376	187,253
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	274,903	293,503	308,729	329,828	350,323	374,678	393,057
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	30.1	31.3	30.6	27.3	27.3	27.0
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)		1.1	0.8	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.9
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	5.6	5.8	5.9	6.2
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	5.3	5.4	5.5	5.7
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	5.4	5.6	5.7	6.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	79.73	77.05
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	75.72	72.98
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	77.75	75.05

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current USD (billions)	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.5
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	52.5	59.3	63.3	69.4

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	122.35	130.68	140.13	151.38	161.26	172.73	182.98	196.46
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	5.95	6.81	7.23	8.03	6.52	7.12	5.93	7.37
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	6.95	6.67	7.88	6.95	6.41	7.68	5.67	7.61
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	5.95	6.81	7.23	8.03	6.52	7.12	5.93	7.37
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	6.95	6.67	7.88	7.63	6.52	7.12	5.93	5.95
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	377.19	402.34	434.02	467.14

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)			0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	1,233	148	149	151
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	304	310	316	322
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	6	6.06	6.13
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	254.19	282.76	298.54	313.71	317.82	321
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	139.00	147.00	154.00	162.00
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	117.0	117.0	117.0
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	310	316	322	329
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	55.4	57.4	76.2
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	40.91	46.1	50.53
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	110.0	92.0	88.0	128.0	174.0	157.0	53.0
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	156.0
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	156.0	135.0	161.0	162.0
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)					3.9
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	16.72	17.34		17.20
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	19.48	20.21		20.10

Transport

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	2.76	2.16	1.77	1.45	1.93
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	2.55	2.00	1.64	1.35	1.80	2.39	2.33
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	2,283,691	2,715,672	2,838,127	2,966,000	3,181,393
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	112.83	130.19	132.06	133.97	139.53
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	104.32	120.53	122.48	124.56	130.12	103.02	104.04

International trade

International Road Federation

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	268.5	270.1	236.2	252.7	363.0	341.7	149.4	199.9
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	447.8	459.5	447.0	549.7	691.4	624.4	689.1	944.6

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Deposit rate (%) (%)	16.51
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	41.73
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	41.73	42.51	43.37	46.61	48.15	50.06
Interest rate - Central bank (%)	22.00	23.00
Interest rate - Lending (%)	28.50

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	18.3	18.8	22.4	15.8	12.7	12.8	17.8
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)		-3.2	-4.1	-3.5	-4.9	-2.3	-1.9	-4.2	-2.4
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-3.94	-5.38	-6.22	-4.35	-5.74	-2.55	-2.15	-4.45
International reserves - current USD (millions)	159.3	111.0	87.6		191.8	257.0	387.0	652.7
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	100.3	107.7	91.7	269.6
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	52.32	54.45	44.99	128.36
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	43.67	39.75	36.18	44.76	41.90	39.98	42.22
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	71.09	69.37	80.95	86.98	83.60	82.97	85.03	83.00	69.96

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	4.6	3.8	1.7	1.5
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-7.34	-9.89	-9.24	-7.39	-9.52	-6.13	-3.17	-9.48
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-84.6	-99.2	-95.6	-110.8
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	35.6	12.5	-27.7	18.4	51.9	71.1	189.6	251.8
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	339.8	319.5	317.8
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	0.2	-22.8	-1.4	2.4	0.5	-1.6	-3.5	-3.4
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	339.8	319.5	317.8
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-29.0	-33.0	-53.8	-30.0
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	123.3	124.0	162.9	202.7
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	27.7	38.5	5.3	13.7
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-33.30
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-14.55	-13.38	-12.62	-18.77	-19.70	-15.52	-28.15	-29.34
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-206.6	-228.6	-210.0	-297.2
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)		48.80
Land area covered by forest (%)

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Gambia, the

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