ECAStats: The ECA statistical data portal

Gambia, the

Official language: English
Currency: Gambia Dalasi
Capital City: Banjul
Area: km²
Subregional membership(s): West Africa, Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

2773.2K

₂₀₂₃

Mid-year population

2.0B

₂₀₂₁

GDP at current prices, USD

47.9

₂₀₂₁

Under five mortality rate

93.7

₂₀₂₃

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	3.02	2.84	2.77	2.68	2.60	2.56	2.56	2.50	2.45	2.46
Population - Urban (%)	58.50	59.20	59.90	60.60
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	61.1	61.4	61.8	61.7	61.8	62.3	61.0	60.7	61.5	62.6
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)		3.45		3.99
Population - Female (thousands)	1,103	1,135	1,167	1,198	1,230	1,262	1,294	1,327	1,360	1,393
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)		10.02		10.19
Population - Urban (thousands)	1,122	1,171	1,221	1,273	1,326	1,380	1,435	1,492	1,550	1,609
Total fertility rate (per woman)	5.4	5.3	5.2	5.1	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.5
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)		6.33		6.77
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)		3.35		3.61
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)		9.53		8.86
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)		8.05		8.45
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)		6.71		6.15
Population - Urban (%)	58.53	59.23	59.92	60.60	61.27	61.93	62.58	63.22	63.85	64.47
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)		4.42		4.97
Population - Total (thousands)	2,189	2,253	2,317	2,381	2,445	2,509	2,574	2,640	2,706	2,773
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)		2.38		2.62
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	62.3	62.5	63.0	63.0	63.0	63.8	62.6	62.1	62.9	64.1
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)		7.11		6.67
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)		10.77		10.68
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	63.5	63.6	64.3	64.3	64.3	65.2	64.2	63.5	64.3	65.6
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)		9.23		8.93
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)		7.18		7.01
Population - Male (thousands)	1,086	1,118	1,151	1,183	1,215	1,247	1,280	1,313	1,346	1,380
Population - Female (%)	50.39	50.37	50.34	50.32	50.30	50.28	50.27	50.26	50.25	50.23
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)		0.71					2.27
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)		11.46		11.10
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	4.26	4.19	4.13	4.07	4.00	3.94	3.88	3.81	3.75	3.68
Population - Male (%)	49.61	49.61	49.60	49.60	49.60	49.60	49.59

Health

World Bank, World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
	56.9	54.5	52.3	50.2	48.2	46.4	44.7	43.0
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	86.00
	68.0	65.3	62.9	60.5	58.3	56.3	54.4	52.6
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	59.00	59.00
	68.0	65.3	62.9	60.5	58.3	56.3	54.4	52.6
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
	56.9	54.5	52.3	50.2	48.2	46.4	44.7	43.0
	62.6	60.1	57.7	55.5	53.4	51.5	49.6	47.9
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	5.40	5.30
	62.6	60.1	57.7	55.5	53.4	51.5	49.6	47.9

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), International Labour Organization (ILO), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	84.41	87.12	88.70	80.00	82.04	84.73	86.24	85.59	86.25	87.31
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)								92.61
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)		64.45						77.19	79.86
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	44.7	37.1	30.6	38.7	36.1	27.0
Literacy rate - Female (%)		41.58
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	134,846	143,183	150,093	159,763	168,810	179,376	187,253	190,204	195,599	201,420
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)					5.2		5.6
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	71.44	75.01	77.15	79.84	80.63		78.66
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	66.00	68.85	70.20	72.42	73.06		92.32
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)								5.6
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)								6.6
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	75.72	72.98			80.22	74.89	73.54
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)		50.78							58.67
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)
Primary completion rate - Female (%)	63.30	64.40	65.50	66.40	65.52	68.20	63.77
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	5.6	5.8	5.9	5.3	5.6	5.8	5.9	6.0
Literacy rate - Total (%)		50.78
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	2.8
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)			0.8				0.9
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	5.4	5.6	5.7	5.1	5.3	5.5	5.6	5.6
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)								6.1
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)		41.58							52.25
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)								101.39
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	77.75	75.05			84.35	79.71	78.22
Literacy rate - Male (%)		61.77
Primary completion rate - Total (%)	61.90	62.60	63.20	63.80	61.31	65.00	60.63
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	86.74	90.05	92.02	83.37	85.96	89.37	91.41	91.21	92.32	93.75
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)
Primary completion rate - Male (%)	64.00	65.30	66.70	68.00	69.32	70.50	66.55
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)		70.74						69.63	69.64
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	89.11	93.02	95.40	86.81	89.94	94.09	96.69	96.93	98.51	100.31
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)								110.34
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)					1.02		1.02
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)		67.16						73.42	74.70
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)								1.2
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	79.73	77.05			88.44	84.33	82.66
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	5.3	5.4	5.5	4.9	5.1	5.2	5.3	5.3
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)		61.77							65.31
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	68.70	71.90	73.65	76.10	76.82		85.54
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	274,903	293,503	308,729	329,828	350,323	374,678	393,057	401,333	414,477	428,053
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)			66.41	74.58
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	140,057	150,320	158,636	170,065	181,513	195,302	205,804	211,129	218,878	226,633
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	52.5	59.3	63.3	69.4
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.5

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	5.95	6.81	7.23	8.03	6.52	7.12	5.93	-39.89	11.50
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	6.95	6.67	7.88	6.95	6.41	7.68	5.67	-39.76	13.73
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	5.95	6.81	7.23	8.03	6.52	7.12	5.93	-39.89	11.50
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	377.19	402.34	434.02	467.14
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	122.35	130.68	140.13	151.38	161.26	172.73	182.98	109.98	122.63
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	6.95	6.67	7.88	7.63	6.52	7.12	5.93	5.95

Energy

African Union Commission, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	310	316	322	329
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)					0.0	0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	304	310	316	322	329	336
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)				0	0	0
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	6	6	6	6	6	6
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	1,233	148	149	151
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	254.19	282.76	298.54	313.71	317.82	321
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	6	6.06	6.13
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)				155	162	169
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	310	316	322	329	335	343
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	139.00	147.00	154.00	162.00
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	117.0	117.0	117.0
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)			0.0
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	304	310	316	322
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)				151,000	159,000	167,000

Tourism

World Bank, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	156.0
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	16.72	17.34		17.20
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	19.48	20.21		20.10
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	156.0	135.0	161.0	162.0
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	40.91	46.1	50.53
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	110.0	92.0	88.0	128.0	174.0	157.0	53.0
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	55.4	57.4	76.2
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)					3.9

Transport

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	2.76	2.16	1.77	1.45	1.93
	50.00	86.00	86.00	86.00	88.00	88.00	88.00	88.00
		87	105		1,330
	15.56	18.20	21.40	25.10	32.60	34.50	36.50
		0.15	0.16		0.11
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	104.32	120.53	122.48	124.56	130.12	103.02	104.04
					443
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	112.83	130.19	132.06	133.97	139.53
		0.00	0.00	7.20	7.50	7.50	7.50	7.50
	15.56	18.20	21.40	25.10	32.60	34.50	36.50
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	2,283,691	2,715,672	2,838,127	2,966,000	3,181,393
	0.13	0.16	0.16	0.17	0.18	0.2	0.19	0.19
		0	0		0.05
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	2.55	2.00	1.64	1.35	1.80	2.39	2.33
	2,743	3,573	3,750	4,000	4,433	5,000	5,000	5,000
	94.00	96.00	96.00	96.00	98.00	98.00	98.00	98.00
		3,486	3,645		2,660
					0.02
, 2018=100	90,130	2,810	5,300	6,733,610	101,930	3,105,170	297,630	118,260

International trade

International Road Federation

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	268.5	270.1	236.2	252.7	363.0	341.7	149.4	199.9
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	447.8	459.5	447.0	549.7	691.4	624.4	689.1	944.6

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Interest rate - Lending (%)	28.50
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	41.73	42.51	43.37	46.61	48.15	50.06
Interest rate - Central bank (%)	22.00	23.00
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	41.73
Deposit rate (%) (%)	16.51

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	17.7	18.3	21.4	14.1	11.9	11.7	18.6	26.2
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)		-3.2	-4.1	-3.5	-4.9	-2.3	-1.9	-4.2	-2.4
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	100.3	107.7	91.7	269.6
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	71.09	69.37	80.95	86.98	83.60	82.97	85.03	83.00	69.96
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-3.94	-5.38	-6.22	-4.35	-5.74	-2.55	-2.15	-4.45
International reserves - current USD (millions)	159.3	111.0	87.6		191.8	257.0	387.0	652.7
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	52.32	54.45	44.99	128.36
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	45.99	43.03	38.53	47.06	44.07	44.94	51.08	52.97
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)	12.39

Balance of payments

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	339.8	319.5	317.8
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-7.34	-9.89	-9.24	-7.39	-9.52	-6.13	-3.17	-9.48
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	4.6	3.8	1.7	1.5
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-33.30
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-206.6	-228.6	-210.0	-297.2
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	27.7	38.5	5.3	13.7
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	35.6	12.5	-27.7	18.4	51.9	71.1	189.6	251.8
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-84.6	-99.2	-95.6	-110.8
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-29.0	-33.0	-53.8	-30.0
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	0.2	-22.8	-1.4	2.4	0.5	-1.6	-3.5	-3.4
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	339.8	319.5	317.8
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	123.3	124.0	162.9	202.7

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)		48.80
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Land area covered by forest (%)

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Gambia, the

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