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Gambia, the

Official language: English
Currency: Gambia Dalasi
Capital City: Banjul
Area: km²
Subregional membership(s): West Africa, Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

2347.7K

₂₀₁₉

Mid-year population

1.5B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

63.6

₂₀₁₇

Under five mortality rate

97.1

₂₀₁₇

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	27.18	27.27	27.27	27.18	27.00	26.82	26.64	26.37	26.19	25.92
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	38.97	38.97	38.97	38.97	35.64	35.64	35.64
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	551.2	553.6	555.8	558.2	560.4	563.0	565.6	568.4	571.3	574.5
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	527.9	530.2	532.4	534.4	536.4	538.6	540.8	543.2	545.9	548.7
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	539.3	541.6	543.9	546.0	548.2	550.5	553.0	555.6	558.5	561.4
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)					83.07		80.37
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)					60.39		55.35
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)					63.99		60.03
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)					85.77		79.74
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)					96.93		96.12
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)					103.14		99.90
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)					90.18		91.71
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)					72.45		76.05
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)					56.97		60.93
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)					64.62		63.09
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)					39.78		44.73
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)					30.15		32.49
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)					21.42		23.58
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)					31.05		35.91
Population - Female (%)	455.67	455.76
Population - Female (thousands)	8,380	8,638	8,905	9,180	9,460	9,748	10,042	10,343	10,650
Population - Male (thousands)	8,254	8,507	8,768	9,037	9,312	9,594	9,883	10,178	10,479
Population - Total (thousands)	16,633	17,145	17,673	18,216	18,773	19,342	19,925	20,521	21,129
Population - Urban (%)	507.60	513.90	520.20	526.50	532.80	539.10	545.40	551.70	557.10
Population - Urban (%)	507.60	513.90	520.20	526.50	532.80	539.10	545.40
Population - Urban (thousands)	8,865	9,261	9,675	10,098	10,539	10,989	11,457
Total fertility rate (per woman)	50.0	49.7	49.3	49.0	48.5	48.1	47.5	47.0	46.4	45.8

Health

United Nations Statistics Division, World Health Organization

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)	6,777	6,669	6,570	6,471	6,354
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	774.00	774.00	774.00	774.00
Prevalence of undernourishment (%)	63.90	54.90	50.40	48.60	47.70
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	819.00	855.00	864.00
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	63.90	54.90	50.40	48.60	47.70
Proportion of population using improved drinking water source - Total (%)	810.00	810.00	810.00	810.00	810.00
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	531.00	531.00	531.00	531.00	531.00
Under-five mortality rate (Per 1,000 live births)	707.4	684.9	662.4	639.9	620.1

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)			302.22		428.58
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)			462.78		575.19
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)			377.55		499.95
Gender parity index of teachers in lower secondary education who are trained (ratio)	8.6	9.2	9.0	9.0	8.9	9.1
Gender parity index of teachers in pre-primary education who are trained (ratio)			7.9	8.0	8.3
Gender parity index of teachers in primary education who are trained (ratio)	8.9	10.0	9.8	9.1	9.2	8.9
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	747.63	768.24	779.49	815.94	850.59	873.45	909.27
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	719.10	734.76	746.37	772.83	796.68	811.98	839.43
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	727.92	751.41	762.84	794.25	823.41	842.49	874.08
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)		22.68
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)		33.12
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)		27.81
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)						597.69	671.22
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)			505.08
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)			593.82
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)			547.02		658.62
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	25.2	25.2	25.2	25.2
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	622.44	644.85	625.95	654.21	685.89	706.41	732.78
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)		606.06	584.82	604.35	629.55	642.69	664.56
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	615.06	625.32	605.25	629.10	657.54	674.19	698.40
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	338.6	304.8	325.2	402.2	334.3		348.1
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)		208.4
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	9.2	9.3	9.3
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	45.7	47.0	48.0	50.0	52.0	53.5	55.6
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	44.1	45.2	46.2	47.5	49.0	49.9	51.5
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	44.9	46.1	47.1	48.7	50.5	51.7	53.6
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	1.2	1.3
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	2.1	2.1
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	1.6	1.6
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	736.92	651.78	719.37	717.57	693.45
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	754.47	662.04	670.95	681.48	656.82
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	745.65	656.64	695.25	699.75	675.45

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	362.7	398.5	442.4	472.9	533.3	569.7	624.8
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)	12.3	12.4	12.3	11.3	12.5	13.0	13.4

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	943.20	983.25	1,039	1,101	1,176	1,261	1,362	1,451	1,555
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	43.20	38.25	51.30	53.55	61.29	65.07	72.27	58.68	64.08
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	39.42	44.19	49.86	62.55	60.03	70.92	62.55	57.69	69.12
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	43.20	38.25	51.30	53.55	61.29	65.07	72.27	58.68	64.08
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	39.42	44.19	50.22	62.55	60.03	70.92	68.67
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	2,866	3,007	3,174	3,395	3,621	3,906	4,204

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)						0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)		10,872	10,872	11,097	1,332	1,341	1,359
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	2,215	2,307	2,242
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	1,827	2,128	2,128	2,736	2,790	2,844	2,898
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	18	18	18	54	54.54	55.17
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)		1,089	1,071	1,251	1,323	1,386	1,458
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	684.0	693.0	846.0	1,053	1,053	1,053
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	1,845	2,146	2,146	2,790	2,844	2,898	2,961

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	144.0	117.0	93.6	498.6	516.6	685.8
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	309.69	340.65	268.47	368.19	414.9	454.77
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	774.0	936.0	702.0	990.0	1,089	1,080	1,044
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	954.0	1,413	1,539	1,404
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)		1,413	1,539	1,404	1,215	1,449	1,458
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)								35.0
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	159.75	157.77	167.31	150.48	156.06		154.80
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	184.77	182.07	196.38	175.32	181.89		180.90

Transport

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Paved Road (% of total) (%)

Information society

United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (%)	0.27	0.27	0.18	1.26	1.62
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (256KL2M) (%)					1.62
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (2L10MB) (%)					0.00
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	24.57	30.33	29.43	24.84	19.44	15.93	13.05	17.37
Internet users per 100 inhabitants (%)	97.83	112.05	126.00	140.04	148.50	166.50	178.56
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	12,610,467	13,735,719	16,639,686	20,553,219	24,441,048	25,543,143	26,694,000	28,632,537
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	682.29	720.99	847.35	1,015	1,172	1,189	1,206	1,256
Number of fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (256KL2M) (thousands)					31.4
Number of fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (2L10MB) (thousands)					0.8
Number of fixed Internet broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (thousands)	3.9	4.5	3.9	24.7	32.2
Proportion of individuals using the Internet (%)	97.83	112.05	126.00	148.50	154.08
Proportion of population covered by at least a 2G mobile network (%)				846.00	864.00
Proportion of population covered by at least a 3G mobile network (%)				450.00	774.00
Total official development assistance for biodiversity, by recipient - US dollars (billions)	40.4	3.7	0.2	0.8	0.0

International trade

International Road Federation

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Deposit rate (%) (%)	105.75	103.50	120.96	148.59
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	265.14	288.72	323.64	375.57
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	265.14	288.72	323.64	375.57	382.59	390.33	419.49	433.35	450.54
Interest rate - Central bank (%)	126.00	108.00	180.00	198.00	207.00
Interest rate - Lending (%)	252.00	252.00	252.00	256.50

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	94.0	84.8	98.9	158.0	129.7	138.1	151.7
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)
Net ODA - Per capita (US dollars)	699.39	694.08	543.6	470.88	490.05	404.91	1,155
Net ODA - US dollars (millions)	1,221	1,251	1,011	903.1	969.1	825.5	2,427
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	446.94	442.89	527.49	624.78	617.13	741.15	791.19	748.35	708.03

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Capital Account net - US dollars (billions)	0.4	0.6	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.5
Compensation of employees - US dollars (millions)	73.1	74.7	64.9	41.2	34.5	15.6	13.7
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-105.03	-62.64	-92.79	-97.47	-135.09	-79.74	-128.61
Current account balance - US dollars (millions)	-973.3	-835.0	-874.0	-761.0	-892.6	-860.4	-997.4
Errors and omissions - US dollars (millions)	-916.8	-228.0
Financial Account net - US dollars (millions)	108.7	294.2
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, US dollars (millions)	324.9	370.8	229.5	320.4	112.5	-249.3	787.2
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, US dollars (millions)	3,294	3,378	3,372	3,059	2,875	2,860
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, US dollars (millions)	-523.8	-90.0	-441.9	1.6	-205.2	-12.6	67.2
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, US dollars (millions)	3,294	3,378	3,372	3,059	2,875	2,860
Primary income (Net) - US dollars (millions)	-374.9	-340.3	-267.0	-260.7	-297.4	-484.5	-270.4
Secondary income (Net) - US dollars (millions)	471.7	627.7	317.3	1,109	1,116	1,466	1,824
Services Balance - US dollars (millions)	536.4	678.3	577.7	249.2	346.8	47.3	123.1
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)				-299.70
Trade balance - US dollars (millions)	-1,606.5	-1,800.8	-1,501.9	-1,859.0	-2,057.7	-1,889.7	-2,674.5
Workers remittances (Net) - US dollars (millions)	658.8	863.4

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)	3,795
CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP (PPP) (Kilograms)	1.44
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)	9.00	17.10	8.10
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)					439.20
Land area covered by forest (%)

Gambia, the

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