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Mali

Official language: French
Currency: CFA Franc
Capital City: Bamako
Area: 1240192km²
Subregional membership(s): West Africa, Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS), West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Least developed countires, Land-locked Countries, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Land-locked LDCs, Mineral-rich countries, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD) , UEMAO, Sahel Countries, Franc Zone

19658.0K

₂₀₁₉

Mid-year population

15.2B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

106.0

₂₀₁₇

Under five mortality rate

80.1

₂₀₁₇

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	36.00	35.16	34.80	35.04	35.52	35.88	36.00	36.00	35.76	35.52
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	60.96	60.96	60.96	60.96	59.64	59.64	59.64
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	676.0	681.2	686.8	692.4	698.3	704.4	710.3	715.8	721.1	725.9
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	660.7	665.9	671.0	676.3	681.8	687.2	692.6	697.7	702.4	706.7
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	668.4	673.6	679.0	684.5	690.1	695.9	701.4	706.7	711.7	716.3
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)					77.16		75.48
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)					126.48		97.44
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)					165.36		134.28
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)					166.20		159.12
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)					135.96		150.84
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)					104.64		122.28
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)					82.92		94.68
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)					66.00		75.00
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)					50.88		60.72
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)					88.80		75.48
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)					38.28		45.48
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)					29.04		33.96
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)					22.80		25.56
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)					45.48		49.80
Population - Female (%)	600.12	599.76
Population - Female (thousands)	93,150	95,921	98,730	101,621	104,624	107,749	110,988	114,331	117,762
Population - Male (thousands)	93,025	95,833	98,668	101,590	104,642	107,836	111,161	114,602	118,134
Population - Total (thousands)	186,175	191,754	197,398	203,211	209,265	215,585	222,149	228,933	235,896
Population - Urban (%)	441.60	451.20	460.80	470.40	480.00	489.60	499.20	508.80	517.20
Population - Urban (%)	441.60	451.20	460.80	470.40	480.00	489.60	499.20
Population - Urban (thousands)	68,628	72,216	75,924	79,788	83,832	88,068	92,496
Total fertility rate (per woman)	77.6	76.8	75.8	74.8	73.7	72.7	71.6	70.6	69.5	68.3

Health

United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank, World Health Organization

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Adolescent birth rate per 1,000 adolescent women aged 15-19 - Female (per 1,000 population)	2,064			2,088
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)	7,404	7,404	7,320	7,212	7,044
Neo-natal mortality (Per 1,000 live births)	478.8	469.2	459.6	450.0	441.6	433.2	424.8
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	888.00	888.00	888.00	888.00
Prevalence of undernourishment (%)
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	828.00	864.00	864.00
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	60.00	60.00	60.00	60.00	60.00
Proportion of population using improved drinking water source - Total (%)	828.00	852.00	876.00	900.00	924.00
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	276.00	276.00	288.00	288.00	300.00
Under-five mortality rate (Per 1,000 live births)	1,580	1,524	1,472	1,420	1,376

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)	295.68				266.40
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)	519.24				540.84
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)	402.72				396.84
Gender parity index for participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) (ratio)	11.2			10.9	11.0
Gender parity index of teachers in lower secondary education who are trained (ratio)	14.4
Gender parity index of teachers in pre-primary education who are trained (ratio)	8.3
Gender parity index of teachers in primary education who are trained (ratio)	13.3
Gender parity index of teachers in upper secondary education who are trained (ratio)
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	942.60	903.84		867.84	857.40	866.52	906.60
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	1,070	1,034		978.12	955.32	981.60	1,014
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	1,009	969.60	911.64	923.76	907.08	924.96	960.96
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	405.36		439.20	448.08	441.36	438.72	444.24
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	567.36		561.12	604.68	556.92	589.68	549.60
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	488.16		500.88	527.28	499.80	515.16	497.64
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	48.36	47.40	45.00	41.88	38.76
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	102.60	120.84	108.24	100.56	92.64
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	82.32	84.60	76.92	71.52	65.88
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Female (%)
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Male (%)
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)					470.52
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)					726.36
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)	565.68				592.44
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)					18.8	12.4
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)					26.6	25.3
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	24.0	24.0	24.0	24.0
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)					22.6	18.6
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)		700.56		667.80	623.88	639.48	691.92
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)		804.36		752.16	708.72	725.04	775.68
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	776.40	753.12	702.72	710.64	666.96	682.92	734.52
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)	312.00		347.40	357.48	332.04	332.28	313.20
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)	442.56		444.72	480.12	418.56	446.04	389.16
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)	413.88		396.72	419.52	375.84	389.88	351.72
Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) (%)	625.80		520.56	533.40	522.36
Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) - Female (%)	602.16			508.08	500.16
Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) - Male (%)	648.48			557.64	543.72
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	581.6		495.6	509.6	512.5	469.1	458.6
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)	296.6		231.4	226.7	230.3	233.8	209.2
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)		628.9
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	10.2	10.2
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)			9.1
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)	5.4	4.9
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	55.4	53.4		51.5	51.7	52.0	53.6
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	63.2	61.3		58.2	57.2	58.8	60.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	59.4	57.4	54.1	54.8	54.6	55.4	56.9
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	24.0		25.9	26.5	26.0	25.9	26.2
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	33.8		33.5	36.0	33.1	35.0	32.9
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	29.0		29.8	31.3	29.6	30.5	29.5
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.2
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	5.6	6.6	6.0	5.6	5.3
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	4.2	4.6	4.2	4.0	3.7
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	713.04
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	762.60
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	739.08

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	73,487	76,228	78,527	85,366	92,972	99,862	106,421
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)	155.7	149.3	158.9	172.7	157.1	168.4	182.8

Prices

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	1,236	1,301	1,293	1,305	1,324	1,300	1,323	1,327	1,305
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	35.52	63.84	-7.32	10.56	17.40	-21.60	21.12	3.60	-19.92
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	63.12	28.92	-0.12	13.44	12.24	-9.48	12.72	9.84	-41.76
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	35.52	63.84	-7.32	10.56	17.40	-21.60	21.12	3.60	-19.92
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	63.48	28.56	0.00	13.92	11.64	-9.48	12.00
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	1,681	1,721	1,721	1,741	1,758	1,744	1,762

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)		18,096	31,332	26,940	28,968	30,420	32,028
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	14,412	14,580	15,372
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	624	624	624	624	660	696	732
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	11,434	10,368	21,552	15,844	17,100	18,516	20,124
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	8,683	9,194	9,444	8,417	8,928	9,468	10,056
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	0.72	0.72	0.72	84	84.36	85.2
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)		7,956	7,560	6,696	11,028	11,436	11,892
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	5,400	5,808	6,636	7,080	7,080	7,080
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	20,742	20,186	31,621	24,969	26,760	28,752	30,996

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	2,052	1,968	2,268	2,772	1,800
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	93.36	51.6	64.8	79.32
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	2,616	1,728	2,138	2,568	2,232
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)		1,608	1,704	2,016	1,908	2,076	2,316
Overnight stays (thousands)		732.0	1,236	864.0	396.0	840.0	312.0
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)	114.0	118.9	114.5	122.6	129.3	132.3	135.3
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	84.00	81.48	75.00	78.48	75.96		69.60
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	114.96	105.00	115.44	115.32	113.64		104.40

Transport

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)

Information society

United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (%)	0.72	0.36	0.24	0.24	0.24
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	8.04	8.40	9.24	10.92	11.64	13.44	13.92	14.40
Internet users per 100 inhabitants (%)	26.40	33.60	42.00	84.00	123.96	133.32	156.00
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	129,863,160	175,354,020	236,992,452	282,066,708	272,386,980	242,612,364	264,409,320
Number of fixed Internet broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (thousands)	101.8	51.8	34.9	35.9	42.0
Proportion of individuals using the Internet (%)	26.40	33.60	42.00	84.00	124.08
Proportion of population covered by at least a 2G mobile network (%)
Proportion of population covered by at least a 3G mobile network (%)				0.00	120.00
Proportion of population covered by at least a 4G mobile network (%)				0.00	0.00
Total official development assistance for biodiversity, by recipient - US dollars (billions)	523.9	323.4	515.6	817.3	1,027

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Deposit rate (%) (%)	42.00	42.00	42.00	42.00	42.00
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	5,662	6,126	5,928	5,933	7,097
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	5,662	6,126	5,927	5,925	7,095	7,111	6,968	6,665	7,031

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	28.7	21.1	36.1	35.8	39.4	41.9	53.6
Net ODA - Per capita (US dollars)	978.84	746.4	1,018	874.32	827.16	805.44	877.8
Net ODA - US dollars (millions)	15,211	11,947	16,771	14,830	14,450	14,494	16,277
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	287.52	304.68	316.56	328.32	368.04	431.40	425.40	439.44	443.16

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Capital Account net - US dollars (billions)	4.7	1.3	3.1	2.8	4.1	2.5	3.1
Compensation of employees - US dollars (millions)	389.1	387.6	448.8	516.9	461.4	385.8	477.4
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-60.72	-26.28	-34.68	-56.28	-63.84	-86.76	-74.52
Current account balance - US dollars (millions)	-7,877.1	-3,272.0	-4,496.2	-8,110.0	-8,369.1	-12,181.8	-14,519.1
Errors and omissions - US dollars (millions)	-728.0	-114.3	-407.9
Financial Account net - US dollars (millions)	-3,917.4	-2,131.5	-1,762.3
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, US dollars (millions)	6,674	4,774	3,694	1,728	3,304	4,274	3,187
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, US dollars (millions)	29,029	34,504	39,902	36,710	36,162	36,449
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, US dollars (millions)	52.5	191.4	34.3	7.4	987.7	1,163	652.2
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, US dollars (millions)	253.5	455.1	511.2	456.8	1,380	1,564
Portfolio Investment (Net) - US dollars (millions)	-658.6	494.6	1,295
Primary income (Net) - US dollars (millions)	-5,541.6	-5,519.7	-5,190.3	-4,611.8	-3,547.5	-4,493.8	-5,995.9
Secondary income (Net) - US dollars (millions)	10,268	9,539	24,424	23,233	19,626	20,704	17,813
Services Balance - US dollars (millions)	-8,609.7	-8,631.6	-20,747.0	-20,631.8	-18,739.8	-21,470.0	-17,893.1
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)				-123.60
Trade balance - US dollars (millions)	-3,994.1	1,340	-2,982.7	-6,099.2	-5,707.3	-6,922.4	-8,443.1
Workers remittances (Net) - US dollars (millions)	7,970	8,636	9,100

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)	15,005
CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP (PPP) (Kilograms)	0.60
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)	211.20	199.20	123.60
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)					46.80
Land area covered by forest (%)

Mali

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