Somalia's flag    Somalia

Official language: Somali
Currency: Somali Shilling
Capital City: Mogadishu
Area: 637657km2
Subregional membership(s): East Africa, Inter-Governmental Authority for Development (IGAD), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

18143.4K
2023

Mid-year population
1.5B
2017

GDP at current prices, USD

Under five mortality rate
29.2
2007

Primary enrolment ratio
Population and migration
United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)-3.207.14
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)2.732.762.792.822.842.872.882.90
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)4.064.054.054.05
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)57.257.658.058.458.859.159.459.7
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)53.954.354.755.155.455.756.056.3
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)55.555.956.356.757.157.457.758.0
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)12.2811.86
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)8.408.30
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)7.337.26
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)7.127.50
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)8.178.28
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)9.018.81
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)8.878.59
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)7.987.81
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)6.556.76
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)11.069.98
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)5.135.33
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)3.543.90
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)2.392.67
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)2.162.96
Population - Female (%)50.1050.1150.1250.1350.1350.1450.14
Population - Female (thousands)6,6386,8657,1287,4137,6867,9708,2478,5108,7759,047
Population - Male (%)49.9049.8949.8849.8749.8749.8649.86
Population - Male (thousands)6,6716,8997,1657,4517,7258,0118,2908,5568,8229,097
Population - Total (thousands)13,30913,76414,29314,86415,41115,98116,53717,06617,59818,143
Population - Urban (%)42.7043.2043.8044.4045.0045.6046.10
Population - Urban (%)42.7043.2043.8044.40
Population - Urban (thousands)5,7676,0156,2746,544
Total fertility rate (per woman)6.56.46.36.26.16.05.95.8
Health
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)
Education
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)
Literacy rate - Female (%)
Literacy rate - Male (%)
Literacy rate - Total (%)
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)
National accounts
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current USD (billions)1.71.51.41.5
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)33,40332,37533,08635,462
Prices
Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100109.15113.86
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)4.31
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year2.90
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period4.31
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)1.261.402.302.90
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)104.20105.66108.09111.22
Energy
African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)192197209223
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)0000
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)372383394406
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)11111212
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)000
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)350350350350
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)91.0093.0099.00105.00
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)83.084.085.0
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)0.10.10.10.10.10.1
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)383394406418
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Tourism

Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Transport

Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Information society
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)0.430.370.340.000.50
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)0.430.370.340.490.570.550.53
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)5,500,0005,836,0006,653,0407,119,0007,653,040
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)40.9742.3046.9048.8050.99
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)41.3242.4046.5547.8949.6651.4853.4851.82
International trade
International Road Federation
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)1,0511,0381,067994.01,1191,1311,1781,305
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)3,9043,9874,1944,6245,1235,4235,8186,370
Banking, insurance, financial statistics
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)20,23122,25423,06223,098
Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics
World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)0.00.00.00.1
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)-0.070.310.620.550.040.370.35-1.13
International reserves - current USD (millions)
Net ODA - current USD (millions)1,1091,2611,1841,760
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)82.0890.6382.67119.41
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)72.1468.9365.8563.30118.60114.5794.09
Balance of payments
International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)-6.54-6.30-7.07-7.75-6.16-10.44-10.80-14.92
Current account balance - current USD (millions)-343.0-318.0-435.0-497.0
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)261.0303.0330.0369.0408.0447.0464.0455.5
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)1,3171,6231,962
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)1,3171,6231,962
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)-53.80
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)-98.54-112.25-106.86-108.20-106.68
Environment
United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)10.10
Land area covered by forest (%)