ECAStats: The ECA statistical data portal

South Africa

Official language: English
Currency: South African Rand
Capital City: Pretoria
Area: 1221037km²
Subregional membership(s): Southern Africa, Southern African Development Community (SADC), B5, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Mineral-rich countries

60042.0K

₂₀₂₁

Mid-year population

348.9B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

Under five mortality rate

98.5

₂₀₁₈

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)			67.84					-19.52
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	12.72	12.48	12.00	11.52	11.12	10.72	10.32	10.00	9.68
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	12.72	12.72	10.64	10.64	10.64
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	515.1	522.9	528.9	533.2	536.5	539.2	541.4	543.4	545.3
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	463.6	469.8	474.7	478.4	481.3	483.7	485.8	487.8	489.5
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	488.8	495.8	501.2	505.2	508.3	510.9	513.0	515.0	516.9
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)			36.72		37.20
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)			35.28		32.80
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)			43.92		38.00
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)			80.64		67.28
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)			112.80		104.56
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)			107.68		116.08
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)			94.16		100.24
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)			65.84		75.04
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)			47.36		52.48
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)			34.48		34.56
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)			35.12		37.28
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)			28.48		28.48
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)			22.08		22.64
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)			55.60		53.44
Population - Female (%)	405.12	405.12	405.12	405.20	405.36	405.52	405.76	405.92
Population - Female (thousands)	217,494	220,961	224,395	227,775	231,107	234,379	237,592	240,741	243,819
Population - Male (%)	394.88	394.88	394.88	394.80	394.64	394.48	394.24	394.08
Population - Male (thousands)	212,003	215,392	218,696	221,886	224,971	227,961	230,874	233,728	236,517
Population - Total (thousands)	429,497	436,353	443,091	449,661	456,078	462,340	468,466	474,470	480,336
Population - Urban (%)	510.40	514.40	518.40	522.40	526.40	531.20	535.20	539.20
Population - Urban (%)	510.40	514.40	518.40	522.40	526.40
Population - Urban (thousands)	274,400	280,608	286,752	292,808	298,784
Total fertility rate (per woman)	20.3	20.1	19.8	19.7	19.4	19.2	19.0	18.9	18.7

Health

World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	776.00	776.00
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	528.00
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	40.00	40.00	40.00
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	520.00	528.00	528.00

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)		744.56	747.28
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)		762.32	763.20
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)		753.12	754.96
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	759.44	770.48	815.20	811.92	793.12	772.72
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	796.00	805.04	873.36	838.72	820.48	803.60
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	777.84	787.92	844.56	825.44	806.88	788.32
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	829.36	851.36	870.00	896.72	872.24	831.76
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	679.12	777.84	881.04	818.72	803.36	776.80
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	748.32	814.40	875.52	857.44	837.60	804.08
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	188.80	185.60		191.68
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	133.52	131.44		136.40
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	160.96	158.24		163.84
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)		792.64	793.84
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)		789.44	789.44
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)		791.04	791.68
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)		78.5	79.4
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)		81.4	82.8
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	79.2	79.2
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)		79.9	81.0
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)			676.96
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)			672.16
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)			674.56
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)			674.24
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)			685.84
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)			680.08
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	27,397,104	27,952,320	28,907,192	29,497,352	29,511,688	29,370,648
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	29,113,688	29,609,144	31,539,544	31,062,040	31,145,544	31,176,448
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	56,510,792	57,561,464	60,446,736	60,559,392	60,657,232	60,547,096
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	256.2	262.2	242.6
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)			222.2	214.8	221.0
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	7.5		7.4	7.8	7.8	7.7
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	8.6		7.9	8.8	8.7	8.6
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	53.2	53.9	55.2	56.1
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	55.8	56.3	59.4	58.3
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	54.5	55.1	57.4	57.2
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	41.4	42.6	40.8	42.1
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	33.9	38.9	41.4	38.4
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	37.4	40.7	41.1	40.2
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	10.8	10.5		10.6
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	7.7	7.4		7.5
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	9.3	9.0		9.0
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)			722.00
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)			564.96
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)			637.60

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current USD (billions)	2,933	2,805	2,540	2,366	2,791
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	28,320	30,443	32,411	34,803	37,214

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	939.52	997.20	1,042	1,111	1,168	1,221	1,271	1,313
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	46.24	49.12	36.08	52.72	41.44	36.00	32.96
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	41.92	42.72	41.44	56.56	36.00	35.20	32.24	24.64
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	46.24	49.12	36.08	52.72	41.44	36.00	32.96	26.00
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	42.88	42.64	42.24	53.76	41.60	36.96	33.04	26.16	34.24	35.76
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	42.88	42.64	42.24	53.76	41.60	36.96	33.04	26.16	34.24
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	678.80	714.96	752.72	803.28	845.12

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	1,594,464	1,591,240	1,715,088	1,891,752	2,139,904
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	1,568,528
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	2,384	2,424	2,072	2,080	2,656
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	1,898,792	1,857,672	1,828,528	1,813,336	1,853,040
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	1,812,384
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	32,320	32,656	29,760	31,952	33,472
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	32,320
Electricity - total nuclear production (Giga watt hours)	112,848	110,352	114,775	113,966
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	1,134	1,216	1,258	1,300
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	1,830,600	1,828,184	1,821,080	1,824,656
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	179,744	172,288	203,976	207,432	211,088
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	356,824	367,768	379,512	400,168
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	353.2	381.1	376.9	399.4	424.2	427.9
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	2,047,478	2,004,320	1,997,248	2,044,096	2,044,096
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	2,048,584

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	51,928	50,512	45,880	42,832
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	74	76.64	75.6	78.48
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	83,744	83,872	73,120	70,456	77,648	78,312
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	76,296	76,392
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	114,544	116,240	111,616	120,968	119,800	120,032
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)	719.2	652.0	655.2	659.2	661.6	664.0
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	78.00	79.68	79.20		76.00
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	74.32	75.60	75.12		71.20

Transport

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)	164,000	164,000	167,624	167,624	167,624

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	57.76	53.52	59.68	64.40	67.52	46.32	27.68
Internet users per 100 inhabitants (%)	372.00	392.00	415.36	432.00	449.36
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	614,922,224	634,245,848	703,995,936	659,303,040	707,980,880	739,423,664	775,779,672
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	1,145	1,163	1,271	1,173	1,242	1,279	1,325

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Deposit rate (%) (%)	41.20	46.40	49.20
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	77.28	86.80	102.08
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	77.28	86.80	102.08	117.68	106.56	105.84	115.60
Interest rate - Central bank (%)	40.00	46.00	50.00
Interest rate - Lending (%)	68.00	73.04	75.36

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	84.9	52.9	62.2	104.9	97.5
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)			-1,547.0	-1,418.3	-1,631.4	-1,606.6	-2,140.6	-4,873.8	-4,513.1	-3,730.9
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	10,363	8,619	11,362	9,442	8,115
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	192.72	158	205.52	168.56	143.04
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	352.80	375.92	394.72	411.76	424.16	453.68	497.20	616.48	646.24	674.80

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	7,765	7,307	6,602	6,043	6,986	7,428
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-47.04	-42.56	-35.12	-26.08	-18.16
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-170,240.2	-142,592.2	-116,542.8	-66,827.1	-71,264.6	-107,048.0
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)	61,580	40,408	21,599
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)	0.7	144.2	-1.4	0.0	1,974	1.2
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	66,401	46,165	13,835	17,880	10,597
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	1,216,988	1,111,245	1,014,044	1,094,698
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	53,192	61,355	45,949	35,796	58,879
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	1,029,451	1,168,192	1,237,468	1,382,618
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)	-47,743.3	-37,219.3	-38,938.9
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-76,930.6	-74,685.4	-62,410.4	-65,096.7	-83,908.2	-94,398.8
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-25,563.8	-25,410.4	-21,167.0	-14,852.9	-22,978.3	-21,895.1
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	-9,913.5	-1,702.4	-3,848.8	-4,621.2	-3,229.2	-4,264.9
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)		-430.40
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-57,832.2	-40,794.0	-29,116.6	17,744	38,851	13,511

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)	3,411
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)			60.80
Land area covered by forest (%)

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South Africa

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