ECAStats: The ECA statistical data portal

South Africa

Official language: English
Currency: South African Rand
Capital City: Pretoria
Area: 1221037km²
Subregional membership(s): Southern Africa, Southern African Development Community (SADC), B5, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Mineral-rich countries

61020221.0K

₂₀₂₄

Mid-year population

419.0B

₂₀₂₁

GDP at current prices, USD

34.5

₂₀₂₂

Under five mortality rate

98.1

₂₀₂₁

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	1.50	-0.39	1.17	1.28	1.30	1.14	0.86	0.82	0.91	1.09
Population - Urban (%)	64.80	65.30	65.80
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	60.7	61.3	62.0	62.2	62.8	62.2	59.5	58.6	59.9	63.5
Total fertility rate (per woman)	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.3
Population - Urban (number)	35,844,349	36,600,982	37,348,154	38,086,769	38,820,239	39,550,889	40,277,814	40,998,414	41,711,727	42,416,701
Median age (years)	25.3	25.7	26.0	26.3	26.6	26.9	27.2	27.4	27.6	27.8
Population - Male (number)	27,155,417	27,418,165	27,465,270	27,822,349	28,207,949	28,580,784	28,894,609	29,168,006	29,451,976	29,772,895
Population - Urban (%)	64.83	65.34	65.85	66.36	66.86	67.35	67.85	68.33	68.82	25.01
Population - Total (number)	55,876,504	56,422,274	56,641,210	57,339,635	58,087,055	58,801,927	59,392,255	59,893,886	60,414,495	61,020,221
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	64.0	64.8	65.4	65.7	66.2	65.3	62.3	61.5	62.9	66.9
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	66.8	67.8	68.4	68.7	69.1	68.0	65.0	64.2	65.7	69.9
Population - Female (%)	51.40	51.41	51.51	51.48	51.44	51.39	51.35	51.30	51.25
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	2.09	2.02	1.96	1.91	1.86	1.82	1.77	1.72	1.68	1.63
Population - Female (number)	28,721,087	29,004,109	29,175,940	29,517,287	29,879,107	30,221,143	30,497,647	30,725,880	30,962,519	31,247,327
Population - Male (%)	49.36	49.35	49.33	49.31	49.28	49.26

Health

World Bank, World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
	35.0	34.4	33.8	33.3	32.9	32.5	32.0	31.8
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)
	40.5	39.8	39.2	38.7	38.1	37.9	37.3	37.2
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	66.00
	40.0	39.2	38.4	37.6	36.9	36.2	35.3
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)	5.70	5.90	4.90
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)		93.70
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	66.56	67.31	68.06	68.80	69.54	70.27	70.99	71.71
	34.6	33.8	33.1	32.4	31.7	31.1	30.3
	37.8	37.2	36.6	36.1	35.6	35.3	34.7	34.5
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	5.00
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)		93.70
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	86.00	85.00	70.00	70.00
	37.3	36.6	35.8	35.1	34.3	33.7	32.8

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	109.17	104.84	105.86	103.21	102.32	101.07	99.26
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	110.13	102.34	106.14	103.84	106.78	104.28	106.17
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)	99.23		96.88		98.83		97.48
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)	10.4		10.3		12.2	10.7	11.7
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)	89.87		78.52
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	30.3
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	3,942,443	3,882,755	3,893,193	3,897,056	3,952,118	3,977,957	3,963,021
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)		1.3	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.6
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	10.1		10.1		11.4	10.6	11.6
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	84.62		86.70	89.83	90.19
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	84.02		87.32	88.17	88.26
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	5.2	4.8	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.2	5.5
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)		0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	5.1	5.3	5.7	5.5	5.7	5.7	6.0
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	70.62		87.32	93.97	95.84	93.81
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)	94.37		87.05		95.02		90.00
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)		17.05
Primary completion rate - Female (%)	96.70	96.46	97.10	97.30	97.50	97.77	98.04
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	6.9	7.0	7.3	7.1	7.0	6.9	6.9
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)	9.9		10.0		9.7	10.5	11.5
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	7.2	7.2	7.4	7.2	7.2	7.0	7.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	5.1	5.0	5.4	5.3	5.5	5.5	5.7
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)	93.41		86.46		94.53		89.37
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	109.44	107.18	111.63	108.52	111.21	110.02	111.80
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	79.70		89.70	96.60	95.57	95.47
Primary completion rate - Total (%)	95.80	94.68	96.40	96.60	96.80	96.62	97.96
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	105.57	103.18	104.85	101.95	101.26	99.74	98.12
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	15.54	15.61	17.58	18.94	19.22	19.49	19.25
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)		20.48
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Primary completion rate - Male (%)	97.60	98.27	98.00	98.10	98.30	98.94	98.13
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	22.27	22.47	25.35	27.94	28.93	30.91	31.41
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)	98.68		93.76		97.99		95.91
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	101.90	101.49	103.82	100.64	100.15	98.35	96.93
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	108.75	112.09	117.30	113.36	115.79	115.95	117.64
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)		23.96
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)	1.01	0.83	1.03		1.01		1.02
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)	98.96		95.32		98.41		96.70
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	90.25		92.21	99.34	95.28	97.23
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)	91.20		65.42
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	7.4	7.3	7.5	7.3	7.3	7.2	7.1
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)	95.40		87.68		95.55		90.68
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	18.86	18.96	21.42	23.39	24.02	25.13	25.24
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	84.35		87.01	88.99	89.21
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)	90.54		71.93
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	7,555,842	7,569,924	7,582,154	7,568,387	7,688,381	7,716,039	7,698,124
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	3,613,399	3,687,169	3,688,961	3,671,331	3,736,263	3,738,082	3,735,103
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)	27.8	26.9	27.6

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division, Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Construction (ISIC F) (US dollars)	12,056,726,938	10,906,030,359	11,979,364,385	12,339,416,274	11,467,147,151	8,361,561,481	9,634,679,068	8,963,141,042
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current prices - National Currency (billions)	4,051	4,350	4,652
Industry (%)							27.23
Changes in inventories (US dollars)	2,162,951,344	-1556526556.36	807,134,205	1,006,199,346	1,369,677,521	-4298653888.11	-582816779.17	4,734,984,710
Exports of goods and services (US dollars)	96,023,911,943	91,103,998,910	104,125,073,429	111,375,905,382	105,906,058,775	93,122,658,777	130,704,194,476	135,921,540,342
Industry (%)	29.08	29.40	29.32	29.03	29.18	28.29
Services (%)	68.59	68.11	68.05	68.53	68.70	69.01
Final consumption expenditure (US dollars)	286,426,897,161	267,230,109,133	313,231,452,636	337,488,702,024	325,763,899,459	281,101,895,681	341,012,314,013	334,968,687,815
Manufacturing (ISIC D) (US dollars)	43,372,940,777	40,393,037,367	47,654,815,787	50,456,831,139	48,280,393,780	39,768,236,531	50,087,875,623	49,714,379,454
Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) (US dollars)	70,172,427,428	66,046,571,831	77,941,780,985	82,996,726,548	80,500,452,220	70,631,675,627	93,786,889,352	91,046,098,123
Services (%)							70.03
Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) (US dollars)	7,740,425,168	7,811,525,668	9,497,668,131	9,156,911,494	7,593,185,915	8,736,104,951	10,743,668,182	11,470,279,743
Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) (US dollars)	28,241,049,116	25,559,202,482	29,832,460,832	30,663,674,207	28,898,807,659	22,703,934,627	27,257,204,397	27,598,342,895
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current prices - US dollars (billions)	317.5	295.7	348.9
Final consumption expenditure (US dollars)	286,426,897,161	289,260,004,400	292,881,564,181	300,754,681,918	304,987,996,186	291,148,670,611	304,425,115,357	310,890,450,321
GDP, PPP - Current, International dollar (millions)	758,901	772,769	790,171	821,082	836,716	792,333	865,820
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US dollars)	346,486,125,394	348,788,706,937	352,827,495,135	358,320,256,585	359,251,658,412	337,828,195,243	353,716,464,935	360,473,886,103
Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels (ISIC G-H) (US dollars)	43,540,973,789	40,414,777,388	47,382,562,914	50,601,252,076	48,523,248,114	39,993,579,510	51,158,885,120	49,369,849,891
Gross fixed capital formation (including Acquisitions less disposals of valuables) (US dollars)	62,398,524,461	56,435,067,146	62,455,086,345	64,492,250,903	60,225,422,201	46,712,075,532	55,387,131,195	57,590,634,269

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	4.51	6.59	5.18	4.50	4.12	3.25	-40.56	6.86
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	5.18	7.07	4.50	4.40	4.03	3.08	-39.80	7.20
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	4.51	6.59	5.18	4.50	4.12	3.25	-40.56	6.86
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	94.09	100.41	105.64
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	130.27	138.86	146.05	152.63	158.93	164.09	97.54	104.23
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	5.28	6.72	5.20	4.62	4.13	3.27	4.28

Energy

African Union Commission, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	249,656	255,512	255,512
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)				263,438	269,948
Conventional crude oil - Production, metric tons (thousands)	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Import, metric tons (thousands)	59.8	61.7	50.1	67.6	60.2
Other hydrocarbons - Transfers and recycled products (terajoules)	191,592	153,144	161,280	174,060	174,253
Conventional crude oil - Transfers and recycled products (terajoules)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	259	260	332
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	228,566	226,667	231,630	236,718	241,918
Conventional crude oil - Import (terajoules)	2,512,776	2,592,534	2,105,418	2,838,990	2,527,224
Conventional crude oil - Transformation, metric tons (thousands)	19.9	20.4	17.1	21.6	22.1
Electricity - total nuclear production (Giga watt hours)	14,347	14,246
Other hydrocarbons - Total energy supply (terajoules)	191,592	153,144	161,280	174,060	174,253
Other hydrocarbons - Transformation (terajoules)
Other hydrocarbons - Transformation, metric tons (thousands)
Refinery feedstocks - Transformation, metric tons (thousands)	0.5	0.5	0.8
Conventional crude oil - Export (terajoules)		18,984
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)			332	341	351
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	17,369	22,086	22,445	22,745	23,075
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Transformation (terajoules)	837,228	856,548	719,670	908,922	927,276
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	214,386	236,469	267,488
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	227,635	228,082
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	157.24	162.48
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	47.1	49.9	53.0	53.5
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)			196,565	200,416	204,380
Conventional crude oil - Production (terajoules)	11,256	1,176	1,344	1,092	546
Refinery feedstocks - Import (terajoules)		21,500	34,400
Refinery feedstocks - Total energy supply (terajoules)		21,500	34,400
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	249,655	252,747	258,259	263,845	269,581
Conventional crude oil - Total energy supply (terajoules)	837,270	856,548	719,670	983,892	856,842
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	25,497	25,929	26,386
Refinery feedstocks - Import, metric tons (thousands)		0.5	0.8
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	3,720	3,994	4,184	4,382	4,589
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	47,439	50,021
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)	24,508	22,284	257.1	263.4
Conventional crude oil - Change in stocks (terajoules)				35,952	55,650
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	3,720	3,994	4,184
Coal - Consumption, Tonnes (thousands)			22,206	22,741	23,295
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	228,566	226,667	231,630
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Refinery feedstocks - Transformation (terajoules)	21,500	21,500	34,400
Coal - Consumption, Tonnes (thousands)	24.5	24.7	25.3	22.3
Conventional crude oil - Export, metric tons (thousands)		0.5
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)			25,722,000	26,161,000	26,620,000

Tourism

World Bank, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	9.90		9.50
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	9.39		8.90
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	9.45	9.81
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	9,140	8,807	9,706	9,789	9,064	2,716
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	5,735	5,354
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)	81.9	82.4	82.7	83.0

Transport

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)	20,953	20,953	20,953

Information society

United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
	98.44	53.71	59.62	79.56	78.14
					8.86
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	7.46	8.05	8.44	5.79	3.46
	98.00	98.00	98.61	99.51	99.66	99.80	99.88
					10.36
	1,079,088	847,293	694,624	650,947	596,266	443,637	221,881
	51.92	54.00	56.17	62.40	68.20	70.00
					18.64
					7.68
	0.17	0.08	0.15	0.09	0.11	0.01	0.01
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	157.49	146.06	156.24	161.19	166.94	163.19	168.92
	65.62	55.01	61.04	80.71	79.65
	237,935	258,312	344,358	407,071	591,572	851,224	1,467,622
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	158.88	146.62	155.23	159.93	165.60
	54.00	73.00	77.62	90.32	94.41	96.45	97.94
					14.79
	51.92	54.00	56.17	62.40	68.20	70.00
							72.31
	132.82	52.35	58.13	78.34	76.55
					5.04
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	87,999,492	82,412,880	88,497,610	92,427,958	96,972,459
					11.10
					11.71
								3.25
	2.52	2.04	1.98	1.93	2.15	2.22	2.85
	1.93	1.5	1.23	1.14	1.03	0.75	0.37
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	7.39	8.02	8.49	5.83	3.49	3.57	2.48
	1,409,347	1,150,770	1,123,189	1,107,013	1,250,356	1,303,057	1,694,648
	99.90	99.60	99.97	99.97	99.97	99.99	99.97
	92,324	45,165	84,207	48,995	62,518	8,196	5,145
	0.43	0.46	0.61	0.71	1.02	1.45	2.47
, 2018=100	12,235,550	141,115,740	9,085,390	6,286,330	16,307,800	9,922,050	28,087,130

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	100,591	89,650	99,924	109,384	103,998	78,322	104,833
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	96,086	91,109	104,288	111,285	106,070	93,179	130,636

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Interest rate - Lending (%)	9.42
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	12.76	14.71	13.32	13.23	14.45
Interest rate - Central bank (%)	6.25
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	12.76
Deposit rate (%) (%)	6.15

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	26.0	14.8	13.5	24.3	18.7	27.3	18.7
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)	-193.4	-177.3	-203.9	-200.8	-267.6	-609.2	-564.1	-466.4
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	1,420	1,180	1,014
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	45.20	47.13	48.59	51.59	56.30	69.43	69.13	84.35
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-4.37	-3.73	-4.02	-3.74	-4.72	-9.73	-6.41
International reserves - current USD (millions)	45,887	47,180		51,642	55,056	55,008	57,597
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	25.69	21.07	17.88
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	37.71	45.69	47.19	45.78	50.43	53.18	41.27
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Current Account, Goods and Services, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-57443.75	21,462	58,106	27,273	28,478	243,201	381,096	133,642
Financial account, Reserve assets, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-14015	39,522	25,525	11,337	25,370	-54120	67,272	68,201
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	154,683	172,827
Current Account, Primary income, Investment income, Portfolio investment, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-50195	-61658	-91583	-93822	-98624	-92116	-93451	-112360
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)	2,700
Current Account, Primary income, Compensation of employees, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-2004	-2049	-2135	-2260	-2350	-1799	-2067	-2270
Current Account, Primary income, Investment income, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-99277	-119908	-138660	-147521	-138062	-90965	-116587	-136113
Capital Account, Total, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	243	241	246	236	244	234	225	-28936
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-4.34	-2.68	-2.37	-2.96	-2.58	1.99	3.67
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	825.3	755.4	873.2	928.5
Current Account, Secondary income, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-33108	-26859	-37547	-34584	-34570	-42196	-35764	-25260
Financial account, Reserve assets, Monetary gold, Gold bullion, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-2	0	3,269	2	0	-1	0	-1
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-3,639.6	2,218	4,856	1,689
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)	-0.2	0.0	246.7	0.2
Financial account, Reserve assets, Monetary gold, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-2	0	3,269	2	0	-1	0	-1
Current Account, Goods and Services, Services, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-2229	-4237	-860	881	-8167	-44797	-65984	-90607
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	-481.1	-577.6	-403.6	-533.1
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	1,729	2,235	2,008	5,450	5,125	3,062	40,889
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-14,567.8	-8,353.4	-8,908.1	-13,381.0
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Capital Account, Capital transfers - Net (National Currency)	243	241	246	236	244	234	225	-28936
Net errors and omissions, Domestic Currency - Net (National Currency)	-17754.25	-4318.73	10,029	11,447	41,527	20,553	24,637	-8027.93
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-7,801.3	-8,137.1	-10,488.5	-11,799.9
Total, Domestic Currency - Net (National Currency)	637,028	156,448	425,332	648,498	436,432	1,650,269	1,626,985	1,302,821
Current Account, Primary income, Investment income, Direct investment, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-49082	-58250	-47077	-53699	-39438	1,151	-23136	-23753
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	5,744	4,474	7,371	4,076	3,147	-1,950.8	19.4
Current Account, Goods and Services,Goods , Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-55214.75	25,699	58,966	26,392	36,645	287,998	447,080	224,249
Current Account, Secondary income, General government, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-46290	-39641	-50405	-48970	-48814	-58557	-48673	-43499
Current Account, Total, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-191832.75	-127354.27	-120236.35	-157091.61	-146503.69	108,241	226,678	-30001.07
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)	-4,867.4
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Current Account, Goods and Services, Goods , General merchandise on a balance of payments basis, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-114735.51	-41063.57	-7445.5	-45285.99	-30563.77	179,697	339,076	138,076
Financial account, Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (balance from financial account), National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-209344	-131432	-109961	-145409	-104733	129,028	251,540	-66965
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	126,755	136,837
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (balance from current and capital account), Domestic Currency - Net (National Currency)	-191589.75	-127113.27	-119990.35	-156855.61	-146259.69	108,475	226,903	-58937.07
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-2,645.9	-1,856.6	-2,872.3	-2,736.9
Current Account, Primary income, Net, National Currency - Net (National Currency)	-101281	-121957	-140795	-149781	-140412	-92764	-118654	-138383

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions - per Capita (metric tons)	8.38	8.48
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)	424.8	425.1	435.6	434.4	439.6
CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)	7.40	7.40
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)	7.60
CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)	14.21	14.18	14.15	14.12	14.09	14.06
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected (%)		12.99	10.26	10.26	11.81	12.44	12.49	12.74
Land area covered by forest (%)
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected (%)		12.99	10.26

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