ECAStats: The ECA statistical data portal

Sudan

Official language: Arabic
Currency: Sudanese Pound
Capital City: Khartoum
Area: 2505813km²
Subregional membership(s): North Africa, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), Inter-Governmental Authority for Development (IGAD), Least developed countires, Oil producing economies, Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD) , Sub-Saharan Africa

49358228.0K

₂₀₂₄

Mid-year population

20.7B

₂₀₂₁

GDP at current prices, USD

51.6

₂₀₂₂

Under five mortality rate

77.8

₂₀₁₈

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	2.40	3.15	3.35	3.03	2.76	2.76	2.65	2.61	2.59	2.54
Population - Urban (%)	33.90	34.10	34.40
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	62.1	62.2	63.0	63.2	63.4	63.1	62.7	63.1	63.6	63.9
Total fertility rate (per woman)	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.3
Population - Urban (number)	13,099,314	13,504,639	13,931,288	14,380,217	14,852,586	15,349,424	15,871,593	16,419,594	16,993,683	17,593,905
Median age (years)	17.7	17.8	18.0	18.1	18.2	18.3	18.4	18.5	18.6	18.7
Population - Male (number)	19,086,686	19,686,813	20,335,704	20,993,203	21,607,642	22,209,434	22,814,719	23,420,006	24,034,469	24,656,332
Population - Urban (%)	33.89	34.12	34.37	34.64	34.94	35.25	35.59	35.96	36.34	36.75
Population - Total (number)	38,171,178	39,377,169	40,679,828	41,999,059	43,232,093	44,440,486	45,657,202	46,874,204	48,109,006	49,358,228
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	64.7	64.8	65.4	65.7	65.9	65.6	65.3	65.6	66.1	66.4
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	67.4	67.4	68.0	68.2	68.4	68.2	67.9	68.2	68.7	69.0
Population - Female (%)	50.00	50.00	50.01	50.02	50.02	50.02	50.03	50.04	50.04
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	3.05	3.11	3.17	3.23	3.29	3.35	3.39	3.44	3.47	3.50
Population - Female (number)	19,084,493	19,690,357	20,344,125	21,005,857	21,624,451	22,231,053	22,842,483	23,454,199	24,074,537	24,701,897
Population - Male (%)	49.93	49.94	49.95	49.95	49.96	49.96

Health

World Bank, World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
	59.0	57.1	55.4	53.7	52.0	50.2	48.4	46.7
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)
	70.1	68.0	66.0	63.9	62.0	60.1	58.1	56.3
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)
	71.4	69.4	67.4	65.3	63.5	61.6	59.7
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
	60.4	58.5	56.6	54.9	53.1	51.4	49.8
	64.7	62.7	60.8	59.0	57.1	55.3	53.4	51.6
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	87.00	86.00	90.00	88.00
	66.0	64.1	62.1	60.3	58.4	56.6	54.9

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	76.42	78.52	79.48	80.58
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	45.97	44.57	48.73	47.98
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)				73.49
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)			4.8		4.8
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	2,390,986	2,495,711	2,558,322	2,684,198
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	0.9
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)			3.5		3.5
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	59.10	62.01	58.92	64.73
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	54.90	56.41	61.07	69.47
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	2.3	2.2	2.5	2.4
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	0.8
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)	1.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	2.3	2.2	2.5	2.5
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	80.54	73.80	85.68
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)	75.90			60.70
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	16.85
Primary completion rate - Female (%)	70.10	70.90	71.70	72.50	73.30
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	4.3	4.5	4.6	4.6
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)			2.3		2.4
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.8
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	2.3	2.2	2.5	2.4
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)	68.61			56.06
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	45.62	44.13	48.98	48.36
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)	49.9
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	83.87	75.19	84.60
Primary completion rate - Total (%)	69.90	70.60	71.20	71.80	72.50
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	73.15	75.91	77.05	77.77
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	17.11
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	17.00
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	0.9
Primary completion rate - Male (%)	69.80	70.70	71.70	72.70	73.60
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	17.30
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)				72.51
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	69.78	73.22	74.56	74.89
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	45.27	43.68	49.23	48.75
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	17.15
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)				1.01
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)	89.57			73.00
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	87.65	76.79	83.43
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	4.8	4.9	4.9	5.0
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)	83.26			65.44
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	17.21
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	56.97	59.18	60.01	67.13
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	4,518,417	4,762,222	4,899,664	5,118,140
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	2,127,431	2,266,511	2,341,342	2,433,942
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division, Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Construction (ISIC F) (US dollars)	3,063,317,532	3,390,497,479	3,652,739,393	1,608,251,194	1,256,010,726	1,130,929,066	1,196,543,231	1,257,908,165
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current prices - National Currency (billions)	500.6	619.1	803.8
Industry (%)							22.28
Changes in inventories (US dollars)	807,116,798	250,317,835	372,567,092	42,089,841	21,434,637	51,809,824	35,093,486	38,178,915
Exports of goods and services (US dollars)	5,458,489,813	4,739,968,155	7,928,586,819	2,925,827,641	2,974,826,071	2,402,138,572	2,525,167,227	2,773,195,555
Industry (%)	16.27	18.33	17.66	23.90	21.89	21.02
Services (%)	51.78	57.40	59.78	54.60	57.91	57.48
Final consumption expenditure (US dollars)	78,353,294,363	86,726,242,640	116,284,174,427	45,292,204,178	33,982,748,603	32,653,503,309	33,508,399,240	35,162,532,864
Manufacturing (ISIC D) (US dollars)	5,495,385,573	6,652,491,497	8,477,104,238	5,296,003,612	2,928,443,352	2,998,576,734	3,288,622,986	3,235,565,991
Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) (US dollars)	10,594,748,269	13,046,794,198	17,903,126,478	9,952,082,154	6,393,568,644	6,109,441,069	6,639,710,754	6,720,050,293
Services (%)							57.99
Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) (US dollars)	26,818,146,778	21,763,053,237	27,539,955,689	8,964,088,071	7,096,250,667	7,006,995,197	6,941,838,362	7,390,581,671
Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) (US dollars)	9,013,128,068	8,997,124,096	10,130,823,418	4,341,517,252	3,103,392,158	2,984,779,170	3,110,821,740	3,229,775,879
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current prices - US dollars (billions)	83.1	91.7	120.3
Final consumption expenditure (US dollars)	78,353,294,363	81,602,946,597	91,855,735,232	94,668,104,579	95,811,752,479	92,266,628,521	91,580,803,101	84,192,467,970
GDP, PPP - Current, International dollar (millions)	170,579	220,533	191,889	191,974	190,523	185,820	194,510
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US dollars)	83,933,528,709	86,934,134,000	90,997,521,479	93,561,325,364	94,752,571,619	91,313,241,899	89,607,035,523	87,366,859,636
Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels (ISIC G-H) (US dollars)	14,693,603,952	19,474,009,196	25,114,842,963	7,862,107,812	5,799,004,017	6,097,248,865	5,929,988,816	6,261,519,872
Gross fixed capital formation (including Acquisitions less disposals of valuables) (US dollars)	9,474,736,735	7,688,697,434	12,689,350,865	7,585,912,939	4,357,392,924	4,399,292,585	4,800,576,203	4,759,817,947

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	16.91	17.75	32.35	63.29	50.99
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	12.58	30.47	25.15	72.94	57.01
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	16.91	17.75	32.35	63.29	50.99
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	527.59	688.37	832.93
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	349.82	411.91	545.17	890.23	1,344
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	12.58	30.47	21.00	63.29	50.99	163.26	197.12

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	13,267	13,724	14,228
Conventional crude oil - Production, metric tons (thousands)	5.4	4.7	4.1	3.8	3.9
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Import, metric tons (thousands)	0.5	1.1	0.7	0.5	0.5
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	211	219	228
Conventional crude oil - Import (terajoules)	19,824	46,326	31,256	18,900	19,139
Conventional crude oil - Transformation, metric tons (thousands)	4.6	5.1	4.5	4.2	4.3
Conventional crude oil - Export (terajoules)	41,034	39,858	7,006
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Transformation (terajoules)	193,452	215,628	191,058	178,290	180,159
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	9,760	10,063	10,401
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	6,312	6,717
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	9.18	9.41
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	3.3	3.5	3.8	3.9
Conventional crude oil - Production (terajoules)	227,018	198,148	171,994	160,360	162,401
Conventional crude oil - Total energy supply (terajoules)	205,808	204,616	196,245	179,260	181,541
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	3,828	3,916	4,009
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	3,436	3,437
Conventional crude oil - Change in stocks (terajoules)
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	8,420	8,025	8,356
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	4,627	6,378	6,559
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Export, metric tons (thousands)	1.0	0.9	0.2
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)			4,397,000	4,501,000	4,611,000

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	741.0	800.0	813.0
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	19.38	21.75
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	949.0	1,009	1,029	1,043
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	195.0	203.0
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)

Transport

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)

Information society

United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
		2.83
		62.80
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.31	0.34	0.35	0.33	0.32
	45.73	45.90	45.99	46.60	55.50	64.60	78.60
		1.77
			11,811	13,618	18,243	14,406	15,213
		14.10	18.60	24.60	25.90	28.40
		2.44
		1.89
			0.05	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.03
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	73.19	70.62	70.41	71.67	76.36	79.20	36.55
		54.20
			311	278	1,806	1,233	1,217
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	71.82	69.78	70.18	72.01	77.11
	0.00	30.00	35.00	35.00	35.00	35.00	35.00
		3.61
	26.61	14.10	18.60	24.60	25.90	28.40
		4.31
		1.60
		70.30
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	27,938,507	27,807,293	28,644,139	30,100,412	33,014,160
		2.36
		2.91
								0.64
	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.07	0.08	0.06	0.07
			0.03	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.03
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.31	0.35	0.35	0.33	0.32	0.29	0.28
	28,093	26,376	30,549	31,352	32,762	28,782	30,426
	89.45	89.70	89.70	90.00	90.90	90.90	90.40
			18,960	17,322	12,713	13,144	13,996
			0	0	0	0	0
, 2018=100	7,633,010	12,208,770	4,010,309	8,558,170	1,903,020	9,918,300	18,549,710

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	620.7	734.0	861.8	197.6	203.9	117.6	772.8
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	654.9	764.9	1,035	221.1	190.2	94.2	644.0

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

United Nations Statistics Division, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	6.03	6.21	6.68	24.33
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	6.03

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	10.7	6.3	4.0	4.2	3.8	2.9	49.8
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)	-3.9	-3.9	-6.2	-7.9	-10.8	-6.0	-3.1	-2.5
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	900.4	810.7	840.4
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	93.20	109.93	149.54	186.74	200.35	270.37	184.34	185.89
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-3.87	-3.91	-6.06	-7.92	-10.82	-5.93	-0.28
International reserves - current USD (millions)	173.5	168.3
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	22.36	19.68
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	26.00	21.11	17.59	71.41	74.09	91.89	68.07
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)

Balance of payments

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	24,404	25,467
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)	-7.0
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)	128.1
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-8.46	-6.49	-9.43	-13.99	-15.63	-17.46	-5.89
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	2.3	0.8		125.0
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-5,389.2	-4,385.9	-4,119.9	-3,580.4
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)	38.8	-19.4	-11.1	-20.1
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	138.6	106.4	184.7	338.8
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	1,728	1,064	1,065	1,136	825.4	716.9	462.5
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-5,460.8	-4,213.4	-4,611.3	-4,678.5
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.2
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-1,163.0	-866.5	-1,651.3	-1,812.3
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)	2.8
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	24,404	25,467
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	952.8	932.6	975.3	375.4

Environment

World Bank, United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Carbon Dioxide Emissions - per Capita (metric tons)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)	18.7	21.1	21.0	20.9	20.6
CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)	0.40	0.50
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)	10.30
CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)	10.39	10.30	10.21	10.11	10.02	9.93
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected (%)		2.75	2.75	2.75	2.75	2.75	2.75	2.75
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected (%)		2.75	2.75

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Sudan

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