ECAStats: The ECA statistical data portal

Egypt

Official language: Arabic
Currency: Egyptian Pound
Capital City: Cairo
Area: 1002000km²
Subregional membership(s): North Africa, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), B5, Oil producing economies, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

104258.3K

₂₀₂₁

Mid-year population

195.1B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

Under five mortality rate

106.4

₂₀₁₉

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)			2.63					8.61
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	2.26	2.23	2.18	2.12	2.06	2.00	1.95	1.89	1.83
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	1.68	1.68	1.75	1.75	1.75
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	73.2	73.4	73.6	73.8	74.0	74.2	74.4	74.5	74.7
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	68.8	69.0	69.1	69.3	69.5	69.6	69.7	69.9	70.0
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	70.9	71.1	71.3	71.5	71.7	71.8	72.0	72.2	72.3
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)			4.42		4.37
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)			4.07		4.05
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)			6.08		5.49
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)			10.06		9.01
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)			12.57		11.97
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)			13.16		12.82
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)			10.71		11.31
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)			9.24		9.46
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)			7.65		7.96
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)			4.21		4.17
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)			5.74		6.16
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)			4.23		4.55
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)			3.00		3.27
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)			4.87		5.39
Population - Female (%)	49.47	49.46	49.46	49.46	49.47	49.47	49.47	49.48
Population - Female (thousands)	43,731	44,727	45,725	46,717	47,707	48,690	49,665	50,632	51,586
Population - Male (%)	50.53	50.54	50.54	50.54	50.53	50.53	50.53	50.52
Population - Male (thousands)	44,674	45,697	46,718	47,730	48,736	49,733	50,723	51,703	52,672
Population - Total (thousands)	88,405	90,425	92,443	94,447	96,443	98,424	100,388	102,334	104,258
Population - Urban (%)	42.90	42.80	42.80	42.70	42.70	42.70	42.70	42.80
Population - Urban (%)	42.90	42.80	42.80	42.70	42.70
Population - Urban (thousands)	38,521	39,332	40,123	40,889	41,660
Total fertility rate (per woman)	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.2

Health

United Nations Statistics Division, World Health Organization

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	90.00	90.00
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	96.00
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	5.00	5.00	5.00
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	95.00	95.00	95.00

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)	54.56		67.29		60.48
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)	80.41		83.24		74.10
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)	67.85		75.24		67.47
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	102.06	100.97		105.43	106.28	106.50	106.85
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	102.96	101.27		105.36	106.00	106.08	105.99
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	102.52	101.13		105.39	106.13	106.28	106.41
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	81.88	82.96		84.43	85.95	87.30	89.04
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	83.66	83.41		85.83	87.44	88.49	89.90
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	82.79	83.19		85.15	86.71	87.91	89.48
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	27.79	29.02	34.44	34.85
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	31.13	32.44	35.78	34.04
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	29.50	30.77	35.13	34.44
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Female (%)	89.12	95.34
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Male (%)	86.81	94.54
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)	85.13	92.05		94.62	91.99
Literacy rate - Female (%)	62.71				65.51
Literacy rate - Male (%)	81.69				76.50
Literacy rate - Total (%)	72.44				71.17
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)	90.33				86.81
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)	93.65				89.48
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)	92.02		93.28		88.19
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	6.5	6.5
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)		96.20		97.94	97.57
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)		95.48		96.99	96.49
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)		95.83		97.45	97.02
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)		79.67		81.61	81.60
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)		78.54		81.39	81.30
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)	85.39	79.09		81.49	81.45
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	5,360,914	5,388,261		5,707,483	5,906,892	6,144,513	6,459,279
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	5,741,792	5,739,769		6,056,678	6,254,484	6,498,776	6,805,757
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	11,102,706	11,128,030		11,764,161	12,161,376	12,643,289	13,265,036
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	23.2	23.1		23.1	23.8	23.7
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)		14.4		14.8	15.2	15.2
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)	25.1	23.9
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)				1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)				1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	6.1	6.1		6.2	6.3
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	6.2	6.1		6.2	6.3
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	6.2	6.1		6.2	6.3
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	4.9	5.0		5.1	5.1
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	5.0	5.0		5.2	5.2
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	5.0	5.0		5.2	5.2
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.7
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	1.6	1.6	1.8	1.7
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	1.5	1.5	1.8	1.7
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)				97.04
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)				95.84
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)				96.42

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current USD (billions)	270.8	300.9	317.7	270.3	195.1
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	1,860	2,130	2,444	2,709	3,470

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	129.06	142.05	156.78	178.44	231.09	264.38	288.57	301.80
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	9.47	10.07	10.37	13.81	29.51	14.40	9.15
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	11.66	10.13	11.06	23.27	21.90	11.97	7.10	3.30
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	9.47	10.07	10.37	13.81	29.51	14.40	9.15	4.58
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	9.75	8.20	11.39	13.97	29.76	20.85	13.88	5.70	4.79	7.20
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	9.75	8.20	11.39	13.97	29.76	20.85	13.88	5.70	4.79
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	263.93	285.58	318.10	362.54	470.44

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	143,323	143,120	147,329	152,745	158,514
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	137,591
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	142,468	156,206	170,549	178,641	180,692
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	147,750
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	12,940	13,352	13,432	13,491	13,675
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	13,352
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	1,621	2,490	2,514	2,541
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	153,252	158,039	165,347	176,234	179,520	187,341
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	22,502	26,250	35,102	35,972	36,911
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	31,054	35,302	38,942	45,115
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	32.7	32.7	35.9	39.5	45.7	55.4
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	157,029	172,048	181,977	184,157	186,440
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	168,050

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	3,261	3,486	3,636	4,351
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	15.06	16.94	18.36	9.63
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	6,747	7,979	6,897	3,306	8,636	12,704
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	9,174	9,628
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	9,464	9,878	9,328	5,399	8,292	11,346
International tourism, number of departures - Total (number)	5,782,000	6,180,000
Overnight stays (thousands)	94,410	97,256	84,128	32,712	87,783
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)	199.7	199.8	206.1	202.1		207.4
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	10.26	10.50	10.49		8.50
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	11.23	11.55	11.38		11.00

Transport

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)	5,195	5,195	5,153	5,153

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	7.72	6.98	6.74	6.48	6.85	7.99	8.73
Internet users per 100 inhabitants (%)	29.40	33.89	37.82	41.25	44.95	46.92	57.28
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	99,704,976	95,316,034	94,016,152	97,791,441	102,958,194		95,340,262
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	112.78	105.41	101.70	103.54	106.76	95.29	94.97

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Deposit rate (%) (%)	7.68	6.92	6.91
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	6.87	7.08	7.69
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	6.87	7.08	7.69	10.03	17.78	17.77	16.77
Interest rate - Lending (%)	12.29	11.71	11.63

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	7.6	12.6	10.0	19.2	15.1
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)			-10.9	-12.5	-10.4	-9.4	-8.0	-7.9	-7.3	-5.8
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	5,513	3,538	2,499	2,130	-113.7
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	61.38	38.53	26.65	22.26	-1.17
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	84.02	85.13	88.31	96.81	103.04	92.48	84.21	90.19	92.86	88.85

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	-0.1	-0.1	-0.1	-0.1	-0.2
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-2.22	-0.88	-3.66	-5.96	-6.49
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-3,533.7	-5,954.5	-17,243.3	-20,493.9	-7,939.7
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)	-1,316.8	1,667
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)	-4,933.4	-4,112.3
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	4,256	4,612	6,925	8,107	7,392
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	82,893	87,485	94,307	102,324
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	301.0	252.7	181.7	206.6	199.0
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	6,586	6,839	7,020	7,227
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)	-3,013.3	2,112
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-7,163.4	-6,782.0	-5,035.0	-4,335.6	-5,364.6
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	24,160	27,657	18,161	18,519	24,774
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	1,854	4,348	1,020	-3,629.3	1,715
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)		-15.90
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-22,384.4	-31,177.7	-31,389.0	-31,047.8	-29,064.7
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)	17,478	19,219

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)	352.20
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)			0.10
Land area covered by forest (%)

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Egypt

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