Egypt's flag    Egypt

Official language: Arabic
Currency: Egyptian Pound
Capital City: Cairo
Area: 1002000km2
Subregional membership(s): North Africa, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), B5, Oil producing economies, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

100388.1K
2019

Mid-year population
195.1B
2017

GDP at current prices, USD

Under five mortality rate
105.0
2017

Primary enrolment ratio
Population and migration
United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)15.6815.8215.6115.2614.8414.4214.0013.6513.23
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)11.7611.7611.7612.2512.2512.25
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)510.8512.1513.5514.9516.4517.8519.1520.5521.7
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)480.2481.5482.8484.0485.1486.2487.2488.2489.2
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)495.2496.5497.8499.1500.4501.6502.8503.9505.1
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)30.9430.59
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)28.4928.35
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)42.5638.43
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)70.4263.07
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)87.9983.79
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)92.1289.74
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)74.9779.17
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)64.6866.22
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)53.5555.72
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)29.4729.19
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)40.1843.12
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)29.6131.85
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)21.0022.89
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)34.0937.73
Population - Female (%)346.29346.29346.22346.22346.22346.29346.29346.29346.36
Population - Female (thousands)299,278306,115313,092320,074327,021333,948340,831347,658
Population - Male (%)353.71353.71353.78353.78353.78353.71353.71353.71353.64
Population - Male (thousands)305,678312,718319,880327,024334,108341,150348,134355,058
Population - Total (thousands)604,956618,833632,973647,098661,130675,098688,965702,717
Population - Urban (%)300.30300.30299.60299.60298.90298.90298.90298.90
Population - Urban (%)300.30300.30299.60299.60298.90298.90
Population - Urban (thousands)263,984269,647275,324280,861286,223291,620
Total fertility rate (per woman)23.723.924.124.123.923.623.323.022.7
Health
United Nations Statistics Division, World Health Organization
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)259.0245.0238.0231.0
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)630.00630.00630.00
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)651.00672.00
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)35.0035.0035.0035.00
Proportion of population using improved drinking water source - Total (%)693.00693.00693.00693.00
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)665.00665.00665.00665.00
Under-five mortality rate (Per 1,000 live births)187.6180.6173.6168.0
Education
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)460.32470.26471.03524.93
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)571.76578.41582.68605.36
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)517.09525.42526.68565.60
Gender parity index for achievement in mathematics by the end of lower secondary (ratio)7.6
Gender parity index for participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) (ratio)6.96.9
Gender parity index of teachers in lower secondary education who are trained (ratio)8.38.2
Gender parity index of teachers in pre-primary education who are trained (ratio)31.239.3
Gender parity index of teachers in primary education who are trained (ratio)7.67.6
Gender parity index of teachers in upper secondary education who are trained (ratio)7.8
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)716.10714.42706.79725.69735.77
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)725.76720.72708.89725.13733.74
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)721.07717.64707.91725.34734.72
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)560.77573.16580.72596.19599.69
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)569.66585.62583.87606.76610.89
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)565.39579.53582.33601.58605.43
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)177.66194.53203.14241.08243.95
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)198.66217.91227.08250.46238.28
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)188.37206.50215.39245.91241.08
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Female (%)623.84667.38
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Male (%)607.67661.78
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)595.91644.35662.34643.93
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)602.35632.31649.88
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)646.52655.55664.72
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)624.96644.14652.96657.44
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)45.545.545.5
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)679.63673.40685.58682.99
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)676.62668.36678.93675.43
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)678.09670.81682.15679.14
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)557.69571.27571.20
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)549.78569.73569.10
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)577.50597.73553.63570.43570.15
Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) (%)251.09286.51
Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) - Female (%)248.92284.13
Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) - Male (%)253.12288.82
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)36,921,01037,526,39837,717,82739,952,38141,348,24443,011,59145,214,953
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)39,698,15540,192,54440,178,38342,396,74643,781,38845,491,43247,640,299
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)76,619,16577,718,94277,896,21082,349,12785,129,63288,503,02392,855,252
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)162.6162.0161.6166.5165.8
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)100.5103.5106.5106.1
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)175.6167.1
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)6.4
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)6.6
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)6.5
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)43.143.042.443.544.1
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)43.743.542.643.544.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)43.443.342.543.544.1
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)33.734.434.835.735.9
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)34.235.135.036.436.7
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)34.034.834.936.136.3
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)8.99.710.212.012.2
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)9.910.911.312.511.9
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)9.510.310.812.312.0
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)679.28
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)670.88
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)674.94
National accounts
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current USD (billions)1,9361,8952,1072,2241,8921,366
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)11,72313,02314,91017,10718,96624,290
Prices
Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100825.23903.42994.351,0971,2491,6181,8512,0202,113
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)49.7766.2970.4972.5996.67206.57100.8064.05
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year32.6281.6270.9177.42162.89153.3083.7949.7023.10
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period49.7766.2970.4972.5996.67206.57100.8064.0532.06
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)50.8268.2557.4079.7397.79208.32
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)1,6831,8481,9992,2272,5383,293
Energy
African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)0.00.00.00.80.8
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)981,7991,003,2611,001,8401,031,3031,069,2151,109,598
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)981,799963,137
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)000000
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)997,276997,2761,093,4421,193,8431,250,4871,264,844
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)1,012,2351,034,250
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)90,54590,58093,46494,02494,43795,725
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)91,84793,464
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)11,35011,35017,43017,59817,787
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)1,050,0701,072,7641,106,2731,157,4291,233,6381,256,6401,311,387
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)188,468157,514183,750245,714251,804258,377
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)204,939217,378247,114272,594315,805
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)220.4228.9228.9251.3276.8319.9387.9
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)1,099,1711,099,2061,204,3361,273,8391,289,0991,305,080
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)1,152,3961,176,350
Tourism
World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)21,25922,82724,40225,45230,457
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)155.89105.42118.58128.5267.41
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)75,76147,22955,85348,27923,14260,45288,928
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)78,37264,21867,396
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)80,72466,24869,14665,29637,79358,04479,422
International tourism, number of departures - Total (number)39,746,00040,474,00043,260,000
Overnight stays (thousands)964,733660,870680,792588,896228,984614,481
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)1,4421,3981,3981,4421,4141,452
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)86.3871.8273.5073.4359.50
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)95.0678.6180.8579.6677.00
Transport

Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Paved Road (% of total) (%)645.40
Total length of railways (kilometre)36,36536,36536,36536,07136,071
Information society
United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (%)19.8822.8225.7631.64
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (10MB) (%)0.000.000.000.00
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (256KL2M) (%)17.5018.2019.8823.66
Fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (2L10MB) (%)2.314.695.887.91
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)69.3054.0448.8647.1845.3647.9555.9361.11
Internet users per 100 inhabitants (%)184.80205.80237.23264.74288.75314.65328.44400.96
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)677,591,607697,934,832667,212,238658,113,064684,540,087720,707,358
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)784.07789.46737.87711.90724.78747.32667.03664.79
Number of fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (10MB) (thousands)3.74.710.817.6
Number of fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (256KL2M) (thousands)14,13914,90816,55320,048
Number of fixed Internet broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (2L10MB) (thousands)1,8703,8214,9126,719
Number of fixed Internet broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (thousands)16,02118,73421,47526,785
Proportion of individuals using the Internet (%)184.80205.80237.23264.74
Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone (%)593.60
Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone - Female (%)580.30
Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone - Male (%)606.20
Proportion of population covered by at least a 2G mobile network (%)698.60698.60698.60698.60
Proportion of population covered by at least a 3G mobile network (%)658.00665.00667.80684.60
Proportion of population covered by at least a 4G mobile network (%)0.000.00
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, connecting and installing new devices (%)9.10
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, connecting and installing new devices - Female (%)7.70
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, connecting and installing new devices - Male (%)10.50
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, creating electronic presentations with presentation software (%)0.70
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, creating electronic presentations with presentation software - Female (%)0.70
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, creating electronic presentations with presentation software - Male (%)1.40
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, finding, downloading, installing and configuring software (%)9.10
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, finding, downloading, installing and configuring software - Female (%)6.30
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, finding, downloading, installing and configuring software - Male (%)11.90
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, sending e-mails with attached files (%)28.00
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, sending e-mails with attached files - Female (%)21.00
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, sending e-mails with attached files - Male (%)35.00
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, transferring files between a computer and other devices (%)22.40
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, transferring files between a computer and other devices - Female (%)17.50
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, transferring files between a computer and other devices - Male (%)26.60
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, using basic arithmetic formula in a spreadsheet (%)12.60
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, using basic arithmetic formula in a spreadsheet - Female (%)10.50
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, using basic arithmetic formula in a spreadsheet - Male (%)14.70
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, using copy and paste tools to duplicate or move information within a document (%)64.40
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, using copy and paste tools to duplicate or move information within a document - Female (%)54.60
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, using copy and paste tools to duplicate or move information within a document - Male (%)74.20
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, writing a computer program using a specialized programming language (%)4.90
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, writing a computer program using a specialized programming language - Female (%)3.50
Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skill, writing a computer program using a specialized programming language - Male (%)6.30
Total official development assistance for biodiversity, by recipient - current USD (billions)23.6252.818.92.3
International trade
International Road Federation, World Bank
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Banking, insurance, financial statistics
International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Deposit rate (%) (%)53.4853.7648.4448.37
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)42.4248.0949.5653.83
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)42.4248.0949.5653.8370.21124.46124.39117.39
Interest rate - Lending (%)84.0086.0381.9781.41
Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics
World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)45.752.988.169.9134.7105.8
Net ODA - current USD (millions)12,69438,58824,76317,49614,912-795.9
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)144.55429.66269.71186.55155.82-8.19
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)516.60588.14595.91619.22677.88722.12648.34608.51
Balance of payments
International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)-0.8-0.6-1.0-1.0-0.7-1.1
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)-25.48-15.54-6.16-25.62-41.72-45.43
Current account balance - current USD (millions)-48,804.0-24,735.9-41,681.5-120,703.1-143,457.3-55,577.9
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)-15,117.9-9,217.611,671
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)-64,755.6-34,533.8-28,785.9
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)42,21729,79232,28448,47656,74851,742
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)550,501580,251612,395660,149716,268
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)1,4782,1071,7691,2721,4461,393
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)43,99546,10247,87349,14050,589
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)13,676-21,093.114,781
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)-45,946.6-50,143.8-47,474.0-35,245.0-30,349.2-37,552.2
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)138,539169,122193,600127,128129,632173,420
Services Balance - current USD (millions)37,21512,97730,4367,137-25,405.112,007
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)-111.30
Trade balance - current USD (millions)-178,611.3-156,690.8-218,243.9-219,723.0-217,334.6-203,452.9
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)132,606122,347134,533
Environment
United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Indicator2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP (PPP) (Kilograms)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)4,4112,465
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)0.70
Land area covered by forest (%)