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United Republic of Tanzania

Official language: Swahili, English
Currency: Tanzanian Shilling
Capital City: Dodoma
Area: 947303km²
Subregional membership(s): East Africa, East African Community (EAC), Southern African Development Community (SADC), Least developed countires, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Mineral-rich countries

67438.1K

₂₀₂₃

Mid-year population

52.1B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

Under five mortality rate

96.9

₂₀₂₀

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)		4.32					2.05
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	3.00	3.00	3.00	2.99	2.97	2.95	2.92	2.90
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	5.36	5.00	5.00	5.00
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	64.4	65.1	65.8	66.4	66.8	67.2	67.6	67.9
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	60.2	61.1	61.9	62.6	63.2	63.6	64.0	64.3
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	62.3	63.1	63.8	64.5	65.0	65.5	65.8	66.1
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)		7.42		6.82
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)		5.09		4.98
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)		5.98		5.71
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)		8.16		7.98
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)		9.74		9.93
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)		9.72		10.14
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)		9.04		9.33
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)		8.46		8.46
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)		7.75		7.69
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)		5.66		5.82
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)		6.45		6.50
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)		4.98		5.13
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)		3.70		3.84
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)		7.86		7.65
Population - Female (%)	50.10	50.09	50.08	50.06	50.05	50.04	50.03
Population - Female (thousands)	25,829	26,682	27,589	28,504	29,411	30,309	31,229	32,171	33,127	34,101
Population - Male (%)	49.90	49.91	49.92	49.94	49.95	49.96	49.97
Population - Male (thousands)	24,986	25,861	26,813	27,763	28,679	29,563	30,475	31,418	32,371	33,337
Population - Total (thousands)	50,815	52,543	54,402	56,267	58,090	59,873	61,705	63,588	65,498	67,438
Population - Urban (%)	30.90	31.60	32.30	33.10	33.80	34.50	35.20
Population - Urban (%)	30.90	31.60	32.30	33.10
Population - Urban (thousands)	16,143	17,035	17,968	18,943
Total fertility rate (per woman)	5.2	5.1	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.7

Health

World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	88.00
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)	13.40
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	32.10	32.10
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	15.00	16.00

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)		71.61
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)		83.92
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)		77.48
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	83.58	86.95	87.26	90.76	95.39	97.41	98.37
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	81.66	82.45	83.38	87.71	92.97	95.17	95.49
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	82.62	84.68	85.30	89.22	94.17	96.27	96.91
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)		27.01	26.80	27.67	30.13	32.02	32.89
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)		27.27	26.63	27.03	28.75	29.66	29.97
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)		27.14	26.71	27.35	29.44	30.83	31.42
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)		2.67
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)		5.22
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)		3.92
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)	64.87		57.93	40.64
Literacy rate - Female (%)		73.09
Literacy rate - Male (%)		83.20
Literacy rate - Total (%)		77.89
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)		84.64
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)		87.01
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)		85.76
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	5.1
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	80.23		86.66	86.43	84.14	86.23	85.49
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	78.41		82.50	82.73	80.60	82.71	82.39
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	79.32		84.56	84.56	82.35	84.45	83.92
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)				23.43
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)				22.97
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)				23.20
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	4,175,085	4,218,455	4,373,102	4,687,540	5,065,100	5,304,648	5,481,982
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	4,047,582	4,079,827	4,265,470	4,628,116	5,046,571	5,300,782	5,443,914
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	8,222,667	8,298,282	8,638,572	9,315,656	10,111,671	10,605,430	10,925,896
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	43.1		41.8	47.2	50.6
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)	23.5		15.9	17.1	20.9
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)		1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)		1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	5.9	5.7	5.8	6.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	5.7	5.6	5.6	5.9
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	5.8	5.7	5.7	6.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)				1.5
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)				1.5
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)				1.5
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)		0.1
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)		0.3
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)		0.2
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current USD (billions)	48.2	45.6	47.4	52.1
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	79,718	90,864	103,169	116,102

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	149.66	158.02	166.20	175.04	181.15	187.43	193.59	201.67
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	6.13	5.59	5.17	5.32	3.49	3.46	3.29	4.17
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	4.75	6.84	5.04	3.97	3.25	3.85	3.15	4.65
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	6.13	5.59	5.17	5.32	3.49	3.46	3.29	4.17
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	4.75	6.84	5.04	5.00	3.51	3.45	3.00	3.30
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	283.25	302.62	317.88	333.77

Energy

African Union Commission, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)	246.0	257.0	276.0	0.6
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	4,976	5,195	5,447	5,727
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	22	21	23	25
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	3,589	4,244	4,586	4,685
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	2,590	56	233	235
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	7	7.16	7.34
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	2,218	2,550	2,578	2,608
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	1,187	1,455	1,457
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	6,208	104	111	120
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)

Tourism

World Bank, World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)	1,206	1,329	919.0
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)	23.83	21.83	23.22
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	2,047	1,924	2,149	2,265	2,465	2,625
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	1,113
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	1,140	1,137	1,284	1,327	1,506
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	9.44	10.25		8.20
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	10.84	11.78		9.00

Transport

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)				2,701

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.30	0.28	0.24	0.23	0.22	0.13
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.30	0.27	0.24	0.23	0.21	0.13	0.12	0.11
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	31,862,656	39,665,600	40,044,186	39,953,860	43,497,261	47,685,232
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	63.78	77.05	75.48	73.09	77.24	82.21
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	62.70	75.49	73.61	71.01	74.88	79.64	83.01	84.99

International trade

International Road Federation, World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	9,028	8,104	8,138	8,073	8,402	9,787	8,922	9,713
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	13,634	11,206	9,492	9,117	10,206	10,363	9,554	11,557

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Deposit rate (%) (%)	9.86	9.90
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	1,654	1,991
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	1,653	1,991	2,177	2,229	2,264	2,288
Interest rate - Lending (%)	16.26	16.10

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	3.5	5.6	8.6	10.1	12.1	12.6	14.6
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)		-2,989.5	-2,257.5	-1,375.1	-2,492.1	-2,400.9	-1,451.1	-2,002.8	-2,894.4
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-2.91	-3.17	-2.08	-1.16	-1.93	-1.98	-2.50	-3.28
International reserves - current USD (millions)	4,390	4,081	4,351	5,888	5,050
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	2,651	2,582	2,318	2,584
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	50.74	47.93	41.71	45.09
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	33.00	39.04	39.94	41.10	39.76	39.03	41.25
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	36.09	39.21	39.80	40.73	40.54	39.04	40.53	40.79	37.36

Balance of payments

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Compensation of employees - current USD (millions)	31.9	22.5	31.0	39.3
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-9.79	-7.75	-4.22	-2.64	-3.06	-2.59	-1.81	-3.33
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-5,343.7	-4,119.7	-2,154.6	-1,633.7
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)	327.5	-936.3
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)	-4,154.5	-3,827.4
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	1,416	1,561	864.0	937.7	971.6	1,217	684.9	921.8
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	16,921	18,453	19,818
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	16,921	18,453	19,818
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)	-11.5	-27.6
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	-824.7	-900.2	-1,109.7	-1,214.0
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)	477.4	479.4	381.5	402.0
Services Balance - current USD (millions)	727.3	741.7	1,376	1,832
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-26.30
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-9.77	-8.71	-4.25	-2.28	-3.57	-1.46	-0.94	-2.44
Trade balance - current USD (millions)	-5,723.7	-4,440.7	-2,802.5	-2,653.4
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)	308.5	294.7

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)		52.00
Land area covered by forest (%)

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United Republic of Tanzania

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