ECAStats: The ECA statistical data portal

Chad

Official language: French, Arabic
Currency: CFA Franc
Capital City: N'Djamena
Area: 1284000km²
Subregional membership(s): Central Africa, Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa , Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), Least developed countires, Land-locked Countries, Oil producing economies, Sub-Saharan Africa, Oil LDCs, Land-locked LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD) , Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC), Sahel Countries, Franc Zone

18847148.5K

₂₀₂₄

Mid-year population

16.4B

₂₀₂₁

GDP at current prices, USD

102.9

₂₀₂₂

Under five mortality rate

90.4

₂₀₂₂

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	2.93	3.36	3.29	3.46	3.13	3.19	3.14	3.09	3.08	3.05
Population - Urban (%)	22.50	22.70	22.90
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	50.1	50.9	50.9	51.4	51.7	51.2	50.8	51.3	52.0	52.5
Total fertility rate (per woman)	6.7	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.4	6.4	6.3	6.2	6.1	6.0
Population - Urban (number)	3,154,216	3,277,402	3,405,873	3,540,279	3,681,488	3,830,260	3,987,074	4,152,209	4,326,026	4,508,833
Median age (years)	14.7	14.7	14.8	14.9	14.9	14.9	15.0	15.1	15.1	15.2
Population - Male (number)	7,093,122	7,321,597	7,570,735	7,831,899	8,094,822	8,355,036	8,623,530	8,896,002	9,174,498	9,459,829
Population - Urban (%)	22.52	22.68	22.86	23.06	23.28	23.52	23.78	24.06	24.37	24.69
Population - Total (number)	14,140,274	14,592,585	15,085,884	15,604,210	16,126,866	16,644,702	17,179,740	17,723,315	18,278,568	18,847,149
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	51.6	52.1	52.3	52.8	53.3	52.8	52.5	53.0	53.7	54.1
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	53.1	53.3	53.8	54.3	54.9	54.4	54.3	54.8	55.4	55.8
Population - Female (%)	49.84	49.83	49.82	49.81	49.81	49.80	49.80	49.81	49.81
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	3.83	3.85	3.87	3.91	3.96	4.01	4.06	4.10	4.14	4.17
Population - Female (number)	7,047,152	7,270,988	7,515,149	7,772,311	8,032,044	8,289,666	8,556,210	8,827,313	9,104,070	9,387,320
Population - Male (%)	49.90	49.91	49.91	49.92	49.92	49.92

Health

World Bank, World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
	120.8	117.3	113.6	109.9	106.2	102.9	99.4	96.2
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)
	135.9	132.2	128.2	124.2	120.4	116.6	112.9	109.3
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	12.00
	136.6	133.0	129.0	125.0	121.1	117.2	113.7
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)	29.40		24.30	24.70	29.20	18.90	21.40	18.20
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	54.70
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	9.76	9.91	10.07	10.24	10.42	10.62	10.83	10.91
	121.7	118.0	114.4	110.7	107.0	103.5	100.1
	128.6	125.0	121.2	117.2	113.5	109.8	106.4	102.9
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)	34.40
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	54.70
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)	46.00	37.00	37.00	37.00
	129.5	125.8	121.9	118.0	114.3	110.5	107.1

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	103.67	98.18	86.84	97.49	96.16		98.20	98.68
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	30.90	30.89	28.02	26.96	27.08		30.08
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)	25.99	22.39			18.34		29.18	30.64
Mean years of schooling - Male (years)					3.4
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)	11.98	12.29
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)	55.5	56.9
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	1,287,413	1,253,531	1,175,180	1,363,999	1,391,643		1,514,639	1,568,771
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)						0.1
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)					2.2
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	69.15	64.07	58.74	65.32	64.96
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	89.01	82.20	77.15	83.19	82.69
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	2.2	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.0		2.2
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)						0.4
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)	0.3					0.4
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1		1.3
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)	30.48	23.20	71.52
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)	26.00	22.31						27.28
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)
Primary completion rate - Female (%)	27.90	28.40	28.90	29.50	26.90	31.00	37.69
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	4.9	4.6	4.1	4.8	4.7		4.9	5.0
Mean years of schooling - Female (years)					1.3
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	5.6	5.3	4.7	5.4	5.3		5.5	5.5
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.5		1.7
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)	13.93	13.96						18.87
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	22.42	22.56	21.35	20.77	20.98		24.09
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)	26.4
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)	28.56	21.11	72.96
Primary completion rate - Total (%)	30.00	30.30	30.60	31.20	30.37	32.30	43.53
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	91.58	86.85	77.24	87.72	86.53		89.42	90.36
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	5.13					6.48
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)						0.3
Primary completion rate - Male (%)	25.60	26.40	27.30	28.30	23.13	30.60	49.20
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	1.51					2.55
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)	51.84	40.69			46.12		41.13	41.39
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	79.45	75.47	67.36	77.67	76.62		80.39	81.81
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	13.86	14.16	14.52	14.42	14.73		17.95
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)	0.50	0.55		0.85	0.40		0.96	0.74
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)	38.77	30.79			31.75		35.17	36.07
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5		0.6
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)	26.12	18.61	74.91
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)	24.85	25.38
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8		0.8
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	6.3	5.9	5.3	6.0	5.9		6.0	6.0
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)	38.92	31.33						35.78
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	3.33					4.53
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	79.10	73.15	67.96	74.28	73.85
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)	18.44	18.86
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	2,270,104	2,213,223	2,060,946	2,419,675	2,468,784		2,719,364	2,832,890
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	982,691	959,692	885,766	1,055,676	1,077,141		1,204,725	1,264,119
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)	27.5	27.1

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division, Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Construction (ISIC F) (US dollars)	760,994,504	269,934,012	380,069,637	327,894,790	391,669,502	448,280,539	538,561,776	753,909,020
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current prices - National Currency (billions)	6,942	6,496	6,238
Industry (%)							22.89
Changes in inventories (US dollars)	12,945,873	298,941,494	445,356,056	700,991,057	856,420,040	844,119,474	883,370,373	774,839,070
Exports of goods and services (US dollars)	4,067,315,205	3,335,982,701	3,095,057,452	3,954,301,926	4,151,238,755	3,171,120,952	4,341,496,402	6,125,572,971
Industry (%)	31.68	23.92	20.13	19.26	18.74	19.30
Services (%)	38.83	42.55	45.83	49.99	52.81	53.05
Final consumption expenditure (US dollars)	10,458,836,668	9,976,306,045	10,463,269,400	11,183,454,150	10,681,336,502	11,270,482,805	11,513,266,000	10,397,935,985
Manufacturing (ISIC D) (US dollars)	980,618,605	1,028,104,764	1,351,877,853	1,366,358,518	1,366,049,664	1,446,643,163	1,934,003,946	2,584,236,740
Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) (US dollars)	4,835,689,919	4,102,952,241	3,151,898,262	4,132,997,817	4,229,260,004	4,355,187,863	5,885,510,400	7,880,619,694
Services (%)							30.62
Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) (US dollars)	3,867,692,203	4,716,470,377	5,130,048,005	5,741,350,857	4,982,824,374	5,291,393,546	5,438,705,941	5,237,553,273
Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) (US dollars)	535,971,564	534,370,835	524,771,305	596,422,922	662,464,160	658,373,314	598,026,539	474,876,093
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - current prices - US dollars (billions)	11.7	11.0	10.7
Final consumption expenditure (US dollars)	10,458,836,668	10,712,361,614	10,948,053,522	11,230,301,292	11,474,914,139	10,970,953,860	10,881,410,986	10,448,675,614
GDP, PPP - Current, International dollar (millions)	25,683	24,494	24,028	25,182	26,508	26,249	27,034
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US dollars)	14,400,813,877	13,763,168,589	13,715,883,605	14,544,667,774	15,041,975,781	14,719,723,537	14,545,021,210	15,038,726,476
Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels (ISIC G-H) (US dollars)	1,202,369,454	1,425,978,500	1,603,003,841	1,633,059,292	1,863,491,485	1,886,999,538	1,677,902,921	1,342,988,371
Gross fixed capital formation (including Acquisitions less disposals of valuables) (US dollars)	2,600,371,688	2,101,826,315	2,029,109,282	2,570,526,787	3,140,483,221	3,095,377,176	3,239,309,807	2,841,326,670

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	4.38	-0.79	-1.54	2.15	-3.18	4.06	2.58
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	3.17	-4.44	1.58	0.34	-2.56	6.69	0.97
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	4.38	-0.79	-1.54	2.15	-3.18	4.06	2.58
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	139.41	132.60	133.57
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	116.69	115.76	113.98	116.44	112.73	117.31	120.34
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	4.14	-4.89	0.73	4.04	-0.97	3.48	3.01

Energy

African Union Commission, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	290	294	299
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)				0.0	0.0
Conventional crude oil - Production, metric tons (thousands)	7.2	6.5	5.8	6.5	6.7
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Consumption, metric tons (thousands)
Conventional crude oil - Final energy consumption, metric tons (thousands)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	290	294	299	303	308
Conventional crude oil - Transformation, metric tons (thousands)	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
Conventional crude oil - Export (terajoules)	273,000	243,600	214,200	243,600	252,000
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)			0	0	0
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Conventional crude oil - Consumption (terajoules)
Conventional crude oil - Final energy consumption (terajoules)
Conventional crude oil - Transformation (terajoules)	33,600	29,400	29,400	29,400	29,400
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	178	184	191
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	228	230	230	234
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	0	0
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Conventional crude oil - Consumption not elsewhere specified (industry) (terajoules)
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)			191	198	206
Conventional crude oil - Production (terajoules)	302,400	273,000	243,600	273,000	281,400
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	290	294	299	303	308
Conventional crude oil - Consumption by manufacturing, construction and non-fuel industry (terajoules)
Conventional crude oil - Total energy supply (terajoules)	29,400	29,400	29,400	29,400	29,400
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	391.00	398.00	406.00
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	47.2	48.2
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)		0.0
Conventional crude oil - Consumption by other manuf., const. and non-fuel ind. (terajoules)
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	290	294	299
Conventional crude oil - Export, metric tons (thousands)	6.5	5.8	5.1	5.8	6.0
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)			364,000	371,000	378,000

Tourism

World Bank, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	3.27		3.50
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	3.89		4.20
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	120.0	98.0	87.0
Overnight stays (thousands)	85.0	40.0	22.0
International tourism, number of departures - Total (number)	94,000	56,000	52,000
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)	1.8

Transport

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.12	0.09	0.06	0.06	0.04
	13.00	22.01	32.00	42.00	43.00	48.00	59.00
				0	0	0	0
	3.50	5.80	7.40	8.00	9.80	10.40
		0.04	0	0	0	0	0
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	38.65	38.28	42.22	44.76	47.53	52.19
				0	0	0	0
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	38.73	38.36	42.41	45.12	48.06
	8.60	8.60	9.00	12.00	19.30	21.80	22.00
	3.50	5.80	7.40	8.00	9.80	10.40
							17.87
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	5,465,797	5,585,709	6,368,600	6,984,130	7,664,839
	0.08	0.04	0	0	0	0	0
				0	0	0	0
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	0.12	0.09	0.06	0.06	0.04	0.03
	11,337	5,126	331	334	68	0	0
	86.00	86.00	86.00	86.00	86.10	86.10	86.10
		5,126	331	334	68	0	0
				0	0	0	0
, 2018=100	8,665,320	46,575,600	24,303,360	46,085,200	25,719,470	9,722,200	11,561,830

International trade

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	3,285	2,655	3,387	4,068	4,157	2,863	4,565
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	4,004	3,736	3,970	4,272	4,280	4,502	5,211

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Interest rate - Lending (%)
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	591.21	592.61	580.66	555.45	585.91
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	591.45
Deposit rate (%) (%)	2.45

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)	-283.6	-117.1	-13.6	118.6	-11.0	97.8	-55.5	48.9
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	606.7	624.5	647.8
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	42.53	50.05	49.13	47.95	51.11	52.10	58.16	41.23
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-4.38	-1.94	-0.23	1.94	-0.17	2.06	-0.82
International reserves - current USD (millions)	368.9	8.2		147.8	310.0
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	43.3	43.21	43.48
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	26.36	28.85	31.64	29.29	29.85	36.89	34.56
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)

Balance of payments

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	70.3	70.3
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-13.78	-10.43	-7.09	-1.35	-4.37	-7.55	-4.49
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	559.6	244.7	363.4	460.9	566.6	557.7	562.2
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-1,491.0	-926.0	-517.0
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	4,860	5,420

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions - per Capita (metric tons)	0.07	0.07
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)	2.4	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.3
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)	3.90
CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)	3.88	3.79	3.69	3.60	3.51	3.43
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected (%)		20.35	20.35	20.35	20.35	20.97	20.97	20.97
Land area covered by forest (%)
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected (%)		20.35	20.35

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