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Comoros

Official language: Arabic, French
Currency: Comoros Franc
Capital City: Moroni
Area: 2235km²
Subregional membership(s): East Africa, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), Least developed countires, Island countries, Sub-Saharan Africa, Non-Oil Producing, Non-Oil LDCs, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)

852.1K

₂₀₂₃

Mid-year population

1.1B

₂₀₁₇

GDP at current prices, USD

49.7

₂₀₂₁

Under five mortality rate

106.2

₂₀₁₈

Primary enrolment ratio

Population and migration

United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)	2.37	2.33	2.29	2.26	2.22	2.19	2.16	2.13
Population - Urban (%)	28.30	28.50	28.60	28.80
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)	60.6	60.8	61.3	61.5	61.8	62.0	62.0	61.2	61.5	62.9
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)		6.20		7.00
Population - Female (thousands)	356.6	364.3	372.2	379.8	386.8	393.9	401.3	408.9	416.4	423.9
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)		10.60		10.55
Population - Urban (thousands)	215.2	221.3	227.7	234.3	241.1	248.2	255.5	263.1	271.0	279.1
Total fertility rate (per woman)	4.5	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.1	4.0	3.9	3.9
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)		8.79		8.86
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)		5.42		5.70
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)		8.62		8.30
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)		9.94		9.86
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)		4.70		4.13
Population - Urban (%)	28.34	28.47	28.62	28.78	28.96	29.16	29.38	29.61	29.86	30.13
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)		7.12		7.34
Population - Total (thousands)	714.6	730.2	746.2	761.7	776.3	791.0	806.2	821.6	836.8	852.1
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)		3.97		4.22
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)	62.5	62.9	63.2	63.6	63.9	64.1	64.2	63.4	63.7	65.0
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)		6.44		5.83
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)		10.44		10.34
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)	64.6	65.2	65.3	66.0	66.2	66.3	66.6	65.8	66.1	67.4
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)		3.46		3.46
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)		3.51		3.50
Population - Male (thousands)	358.0	365.9	374.0	381.9	389.5	397.1	404.9	412.7	420.4	428.1
Population - Female (%)	49.90	49.89	49.88	49.86	49.83	49.79	49.77	49.77	49.76	49.75
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)		-0.10					-0.09
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)		10.78		10.90
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)	2.81	2.83	2.85	2.87	2.89	2.91	2.93	2.95	2.97	2.99
Population - Male (%)	50.43	50.43	50.44	50.44	50.44	50.44	50.44

Health

United Nations Statistics Division, World Health Organization

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Percentage of children under-five and underweight (%)
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)	92.00
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)	36.00	36.00
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)

Education

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Statistics Division, International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)	108.62		96.34	108.17	106.62
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)	59.10			55.30	60.77
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)					78.30			82.07	83.10
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)	46.65			44.81	51.67
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)				18.9	28.1
Literacy rate - Female (%)					52.96
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)	63,348			63,148	63,265
Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans (%)
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)	0.4
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)	79.22			78.94	80.69
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)	82.43			80.71	80.82
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)				1.1	1.1
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)	4.3			3.9	4.3
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)	0.5
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)	0.8
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)	4.6			4.2	4.6
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)		77.76			58.82				61.71
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)	9.91
Primary completion rate - Female (%)	70.10	71.40	72.50	73.70
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)	6.2			6.3	6.5
Literacy rate - Total (%)					58.82
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)	4.6
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)				1.0	1.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)	6.4			6.5	6.5
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)	4.4			4.1	4.5
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)		73.72			52.96				56.87
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)	61.09			57.25	62.87
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)	26.3
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)
Literacy rate - Male (%)					64.64
Primary completion rate - Total (%)	63.90	64.60	65.50	66.20
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)	104.97		94.54	105.65	106.21
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)	8.99
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)	0.5
Primary completion rate - Male (%)	73.40	74.90	76.40	77.90
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)					78.24			80.37	80.95
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)	101.20		92.67	103.04	105.78
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)	63.14			59.29	65.05
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)	8.05
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)	0.88			0.94				0.98
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)		87.55			78.27			81.21	82.02
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)	1.1			1.1	1.1
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)	42.95			41.20	49.09
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)	0.9		1.0	1.0	1.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)	6.6			6.6	6.6
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)		81.81			64.64				66.55
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)	80.85			79.84	80.75
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)	44.77			42.98	50.36
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)	120,381			121,517	124,240
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)				48.90
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)	57,033			58,369	60,975
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)	8.6			5.3	8.3

National accounts

United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)	425.7	438.3	454.1	472.6
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1

Prices

Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period	7.55	-0.12	0.80	0.09	1.70	3.70
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year	5.22	2.67	-1.44	1.44	0.63	6.25
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)	7.55	-0.12	0.80	0.09	1.70	3.70
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)	169.97	173.43	174.81	178.20
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100	111.44	111.32	112.20	112.31	114.22	118.44		119.37
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)	0.00	2.04	0.80	1.94	1.70	3.70	1.09	0.32

Energy

African Union Commission, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	65.03	68	70	74
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)					0.0	0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	60	62	65	68	71	74
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)				0	0	0
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)	29	30	31	32
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)	52.5	52.9	58.4	90.86	98.4	108.4
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)	0.04	0.04	0.04
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)				33	34	36
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)	65	68	70	74	77	80
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)	26.00	27.00	30.00	33.00
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	5	5	5	6	6	6
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)	26.0	26.0	27.0
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)			0.0
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)	5	5	5	6
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)	60	62	65	68
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)				62,000	63,000	65,000

Tourism

World Bank, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)	9.45	8.98		8.40
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)	10.90	10.36		9.70
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)	22.8	23.6	26.8	28.0
Overnight stays (thousands)	153.0	159.0	188.0
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)	62.8	51.6	50.5	60.6	73.7	72.7	18.5
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)				0.7	0.8

Transport

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)

Information society

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	3.09	1.88	1.64	2.11	1.24	1.18
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	53.60	58.17	60.89	61.56	64.27	72.72	96.95	103.87
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	50.44	54.64	57.11	57.61	59.94	67.60
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)	383,000	424,786	454,389	468,914	498,903	575,218
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)	3.29	2.00	1.75	2.26	1.33	1.27	0.94	0.90

International trade

International Road Federation

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)	111.2	97.9	108.1	128.2	153.5	152.6	68.9	87.8
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)	339.8	267.3	268.0	304.5	357.7	352.5	343.8	364.5

Banking, insurance, financial statistics

International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Interest rate - Lending (%)	10.50	10.50
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	370.32	443.41	444.45	435.49	416.58	439.46
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)	370.81	443.59
Deposit rate (%) (%)	1.75	1.75

Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics

World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)	0.6	7.3	5.6	3.0	3.9	4.1	8.2	3.4
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)		11.1	-24.8	-0.4	-2.1	-16.0	-0.6	-15.8	-14.6
Net ODA - current USD (millions)	75.0	65.8	53.8	66.8
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)	11.89	14.44	16.28	17.24	16.94	19.52	22.29	25.22	31.04
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)	-0.33	2.60	-5.52	-0.10	-1.35	-4.34	-0.51	-2.35
International reserves - current USD (millions)	171.2	200.6	159.4	207.9	199.2	202.0	294.3	329.7
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)	98.7	84.61	67.56	82.11
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)	12.31	13.46	17.68	17.22	20.67	22.56	24.54	25.52
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)	11.54

Balance of payments

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	101.9	107.1	115.1
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)	-3.78	-0.26	-4.37	-2.14	-2.85	-3.25	-1.61	-3.39
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)	-39.30
Trade balance - current USD (millions)
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)
Services Balance - current USD (millions)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)	4.7	4.9	3.6	3.9	5.7	3.7	3.9	4.1
Current account balance - current USD (millions)	-43.0	3.0	-46.0	-32.0
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)	101.9	107.1	115.1
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)

Environment

United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)		19.90
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Land area covered by forest (%)

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Comoros

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