Regional grouping :

Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

Target Target 9.5 Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending

9.5.1 Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP


  Series:





Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)

Country/Area grouping200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Algeria0.20.20.1.................................0.5..................
Angola.......................................0.0.....................
Botswana......0.5..................0.30.6..............................
Burundi............0.20.20.10.10.10.1...............0.2...............
Cabo Verde........................0.1....................................
Chad.......................................0.3.....................
Democratic Republic of the Congo...0.30.10.10.10.10.1...............0.4........................
Ethiopia......0.2...0.2......0.2......0.6.........0.3..................
Gabon............0.40.50.6..........................................
Gambia, the...............0.00.0...0.1..................0.1...............
Ghana............0.2......0.4.......................................
Cote d'Ivoire.......................................0.1.....................
Kenya............0.4......0.7.......................................
Lesotho0.00.1............0.0...0.0.........0.1........................
Madagascar0.30.20.20.10.10.10.10.10.1......0.0...0.00.0..................
Mali............0.2......0.6............0.3...0.3...0.2...0.2......
Mauritania.............................................0.0...............
Mauritius0.30.40.4..................0.2............0.40.30.40.40.4......
Morocco0.6......0.6.........0.7.......................................
Mozambique.........0.4...0.1...0.4............0.3........................
Namibia.....................0.1.........0.3...........................
Nigeria............0.1................................................
Rwanda.......................................0.6......0.8............
Senegal...............0.3...0.4............0.6........................
Seychelles0.40.30.3..............................0.2.....................
South Africa0.70.70.80.80.80.80.70.70.70.70.70.70.70.70.80.70.6............
Sudan0.30.20.2......................................................
Eswatini....................................0.3........................
Togo.....................0.2...0.2...0.3...........................
Tunisia0.70.70.70.70.70.60.70.70.70.60.60.60.60.60.70.70.7............
Uganda0.30.30.20.30.40.30.30.4.........0.1...........................
Egypt...0.30.20.30.30.30.40.40.50.50.60.60.70.70.70.70.81.01.0......
United Republic of Tanzania............0.3......0.4......0.5..............................
Burkina Faso0.20.20.2...0.10.20.2............0.2......0.6...0.20.20.3......
Zambia0.00.00.0......0.3.............................................