Egypt's flag    Egypt


Official language: Arabic
Currency: Egyptian Pound
Capital City: Cairo
Area: 1002000km2
Subregional membership(s): North Africa, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), B5, Oil producing economies, Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)


112716.6K
2023

Mid-year population
425.9B
2021

GDP at current prices, USD
19.0
2021

Under five mortality rate
91.6
2022

Primary enrolment ratio
Population and migration
United Nations Population Division, United Nations Population Fund
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Average annual population growth rate - Total (%)2.232.152.031.951.851.741.721.591.541.54
Population - Urban (%)42.8042.8042.7042.70
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years)67.868.068.268.768.969.168.767.967.968.5
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 65+ (%)4.875.39
Population - Female (thousands)47,19348,25149,27450,27451,25052,18953,10854,00254,86655,729
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 35-39 (%)10.7111.31
Population - Urban (thousands)39,33240,12340,88941,66042,43843,22944,04144,87345,72446,598
Total fertility rate (per woman)3.43.43.23.23.13.03.02.92.92.9
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 45-49 (%)7.657.96
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 55-59 (%)4.234.55
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 20-24 (%)10.069.01
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 40-44 (%)9.249.46
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 10-14 (%)4.074.05
Population - Urban (%)42.8442.7842.7342.7042.7042.7342.7842.8642.9743.10
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 50-54 (%)5.746.16
Population - Total (thousands)95,59297,72499,784101,789103,741105,619107,465109,262110,990112,717
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 60-64 (%)3.003.27
Life expectancy at birth - Total (years)70.470.570.871.371.471.471.070.270.270.8
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 15-19 (%)6.085.49
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 25-29 (%)12.5711.97
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years)73.273.173.674.073.973.773.472.672.673.2
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 0-4 (%)4.424.37
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 5-9 (%)4.214.17
Population - Male (thousands)48,39949,47350,51051,51652,49153,42954,35755,26056,12556,988
Population - Female (%)49.3749.3849.3849.3949.4049.4149.4249.4249.4349.44
Annual rate of change of the migrant stock (%)2.638.61
Migrants as a percentage of the international migrant stock - 30-34 (%)13.1612.82
Average annual population growth rate - Urban (%)1.991.891.871.851.851.861.871.881.891.91
Population - Male (%)50.5450.5450.5450.5350.5350.5350.52
Health
World Bank, World Health Organization, United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
22.821.921.120.419.718.918.317.7
Percentage of mothers provided at least one antenatal care - Total (%)90.00
25.724.823.923.122.321.620.820.2
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities - Total (%)95.0095.00
25.724.823.923.122.321.620.820.2
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Total (%)
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles (%)
22.821.921.120.419.718.918.317.7
24.323.422.621.821.020.319.619.0
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (%)5.005.00
24.323.422.621.821.020.319.619.0
Education
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Male (%)104.02105.3696.2096.9097.9598.9799.8091.41
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Male (%)80.9785.8380.4281.0182.1484.3887.10
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Female (%)94.085.5986.8190.86
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Female (%)77.4180.9081.8783.13
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary education - Total (rate)23.123.123.823.7
Literacy rate - Female (%)65.51
Primary school enrollment - Male (number)5,739,7696,056,6786,254,4846,498,7766,805,7577,131,9487,457,1207,058,445
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Female (years)1.51.71.71.71.92.01.9
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)9.1
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Female (%)96.2097.9497.57
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Male (%)95.4896.9996.49
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)1.01.01.01.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Male (years)5.05.24.84.94.95.15.2
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Male (years)1.61.81.71.61.82.01.9
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education (ratio)0.91.01.01.11.11.01.0
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Female (years)5.05.14.74.74.84.95.0
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Male (%)95.8498.5299.3399.52
Adult literacy rate - Total (%)75.2467.47
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Male (%)32.4435.7834.04
School life Expectancy in Primary - Female (years)6.16.25.75.85.95.96.05.5
Literacy rate - Total (%)71.17
Mean years of schooling - Total (years)6.5
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)1.01.01.01.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Total (years)6.16.25.85.85.95.96.05.5
School life Expectancy in Secondary - Total (years)5.05.24.84.84.95.05.1
Adult literacy rate - Female (%)67.2960.48
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Total (%)80.8085.1579.3679.9981.1783.1685.59
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Male (%)94.54
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary education - Total (rate)23.9
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Total (%)96.4297.0299.0199.6499.75
Literacy rate - Male (%)76.50
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Total (%)103.87105.3995.7996.5897.8298.9099.7591.59
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Total (%)30.7735.1334.44
School life Expectancy in Tertiary - Total (years)1.51.81.71.71.82.01.9
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Male (%)4.8889.4892.13
Gross enrolment ratio in primary - Female (%)103.72105.4395.3696.2597.6798.8299.6991.78
Gross enrolment ratio in secondary - Female (%)80.6184.4378.2578.9180.1681.8984.02
Gross enrolment ratio in teritiary - Female (%)29.0234.4434.85
Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old (%)1.001.02
Literacy rates of 15-24 years old - Total (%)94.085.1988.1991.51
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (ratio)1.01.01.01.01.0
Survival Rate to the last grade in Primary - Female (%)97.0499.5299.97100.00
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Male (%)76.2580.5981.4682.45
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (ratio)1.01.01.01.01.0
School life Expectancy in Primary - Male (years)6.16.25.85.85.96.06.05.5
Adult literacy rate - Male (%)83.2474.10
Net enrolment rate in primary education - Total (%)98.0397.4697.0397.0399.27
Net enrolment rate in secondary education - Total (%)76.8180.7481.6682.78
Primary school enrollment - Total (number)11,128,03011,764,16112,161,37612,643,28913,265,03613,912,59514,555,42313,818,245
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Female (%)95.34
Gross graduation Ratio from Primary education - Total (%)92.0594.6291.99
Primary school enrollment - Female (number)5,388,2615,707,4835,906,8926,144,5136,459,2796,780,6477,098,3036,759,800
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary education - Total (rate)14.414.815.215.2
National accounts
United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - National Currency (billions)2,1302,4442,7093,470
Expenditure on GDP at current purchaser's values - US dollars (billions)300.9317.7270.3195.1
Prices
Economic Commission for Africa, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Inflation, average, percentage change over previous period10.0710.3713.8129.5114.409.154.58-62.3313.87
inflation rate: end of period price indices percentage change over previous year10.1311.0623.2721.9011.977.103.30-61.3320.83
Inflation rate (percentage change of CPI over same period of previous year)10.0710.3713.8129.5114.409.154.58-62.3313.87
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (index)285.58318.10362.54470.44
Consumer price index, All item, 2010=100142.05156.78178.44231.09264.38288.57301.80113.69129.46
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (%)8.2011.3913.9729.7620.8513.885.704.79
Energy
African Union Commission, AfDB, AUC and ECA Joint African Statistical Yearbook, United Nations Statistics Division, U.S. Energy Information Administration
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)172,048181,977184,157186,440
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)0.00.0
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)0000
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)156,206170,549178,641180,692182,833184,999
Electricity - total biofuels and waste production (Giga watt hours)000
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)1,6912,2262,2262,2512,2762,303
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)143,120147,329152,745158,514
Electricity - total thermal production (Giga watt hours)158,039165,347176,234179,520187,341
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)
Electricity - total Solar wind tide wave production (Giga watt hours)2,4902,5142,541
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)32.735.939.545.755.4
Electricity - Consumption (Giga watt hours)168,472175,120182,256
Total electricity production (Giga watt hours)171,719186,207194,358196,618198,970201,352
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)26,25035,10235,97236,911
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)13,82213,43213,49113,67513,86114,050
Total electricity installed capacity - kilowatt hours (thousands)35,30238,94245,115
Coal - Production, Tonnes (thousands)0.00.10.1
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)13,35213,43213,49113,675
Coal - Consumption, Tonnes (thousands)438.0460.0484.0
Electricity - total fossil fules production (Giga watt hours)156,206170,549178,641180,692
Electricity - total hydro production (Giga watt hours)
Coal - Consumption, Tonnes (thousands)0.40.40.40.40.4
Oil - Consumption (metric tons)24,320,00024,895,00025,504,000
Tourism
World Bank, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
International tourism, number of arrivals - Total (thousands)9,628
Total contribution to employment, tourism (%)10.5010.498.50
Total contribution to GDP, tourism (%)11.5511.3811.00
Overnight stays (thousands)97,25684,12832,71287,783
International tourism receipts (% of total exports)16.9418.369.63
International tourism, number of departures - Total (number)6,180,000
International tourism receipts - current USD (millions)7,9796,8973,3068,63612,70414,2564,874
International tourism expenditures - current USD (millions)3,4863,6364,351
Rooms in hotels and similar establishments (thousands)199.8206.1202.1207.4
Transport

Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Paved Road (% of total) (%)
Total length of railways (kilometre)5,1955,1535,153
Information society
United Nations Statistics Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
0.951.2823.7850.0353.4656.63
80.9884.7887.5097.8498.2599.1099.41
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)6.986.746.486.857.998.73
95.4097.8098.7198.7198.7199.1299.2099.50
1.501.8510.8013.7018.5923.40
701,679959,8591,336,2871,491,6544,129,493406,894246109
33.8937.8241.2544.9546.9257.2871.91
3.584.0122.3835.5944.6275.42
0.400.146.2815.7521.2926.74
2.472.933.043.251.470.2100
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)99.7196.2198.00101.1590.4090.2788.7394.68
78.9682.8884.2097.1297.2098.3699.93
1,5432,513100,620434,411967,5976,948,3569,334,86110,835,750
Mobile telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) (%)105.41101.70103.54106.7695.2994.97
6.779.2140.8355.1758.8062.14
0.000.000.0061.0089.0095.1096.0098.00
33.8937.8241.2544.9546.9257.2871.91
11.4413.3842.7257.2361.26
72.6072.20
1.370.663.748.807.8610.68
82.9286.6490.6798.5599.2999.8498.91
Mobile telephone subscribers (number)95,316,03494,016,15297,791,441102,958,19493,784,49795,340,262
0.641.3524.6438.5051.5164.34
2.733.1829.1050.3953.8256.98
9.76
3.213.924.485.146.397.178.699.92
0.730.981.341.473.980.3900
Fixed telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) (%)6.616.386.136.497.588.299.1710.10
3,067,8783,826,4104,469,1645,233,8726,624,4217,573,1489,335,10810,835,865
99.8099.8099.8099.8099.8099.8399.8399.80
2,364,6562,864,0383,032,2583,307,8071,529,332217,8980.547
000.10.430.936.588.699.92
, 2018=1002,917,580376,21011,361,22067,547,3101,151,48010,306,66051,376,82010,708,320
International trade
International Road Federation, World Bank
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Total trade - Export, current USD (millions)43,52943,42334,39337,28947,22653,04147,87344,850
Total trade - Import, current USD (millions)69,29771,34866,16069,09073,33178,01375,43481,944
Banking, insurance, financial statistics
International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Statistics Division
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Interest rate - Lending (%)11.7111.63
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)7.087.6910.0317.7817.7716.77
Exchange rate, period average (national currency per USD)7.087.69
Deposit rate (%) (%)6.926.91
Government finance fiscal and public sector statistics
World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Debt service ratio - Per export (ratio)12.710.019.515.416.316.533.931.5
Fiscal deficit (% of GDP)-10.9-12.5-10.4-9.4-8.0-7.9-7.3-5.8
Net ODA - current USD (millions)3,5382,4992,130-113.7
Total external debt - as % of GDP (%)85.1388.3196.81103.0492.4884.2189.6593.5088.85
General government net lending/borrowing - as % of GDP (%)-12.47-10.43-9.44-7.99-7.85-7.31
International reserves - current USD (millions)14,92715,85923,64341,83944,56938,97339,824
Net ODA - Per capita (current USD)38.5326.6522.26-1.17
Total external debt (% of GNI) (%)13.9915.4021.0936.5740.8139.2036.6736.57
Net ODA (% of GNI) (%)1.19
Balance of payments
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Economic Commission for Africa
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)6,8397,0207,227
Errors and omissions - current USD (millions)1,667
Workers remittances (Net) - current USD (millions)19,219
Current account balance - as % of GDP (%)-0.90-3.66-5.96-6.09-2.38-3.60-3.07-4.58
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)-15.90
Trade balance - current USD (millions)-31,177.7-31,389.0-31,047.8-29,064.7
Financial Account net - current USD (millions)-4,112.3
Services Balance - current USD (millions)4,3481,020-3,629.31,715
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)4,6126,9258,1077,4098,1419,0105,8525,122
Current account balance - current USD (millions)-5,954.5-17,243.3-20,493.9-7,939.7
Capital Account net - current USD (billions)-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.2
Primary income (Net) - current USD (millions)-6,782.0-5,035.0-4,335.6-5,364.6
Outward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Flow, current USD (millions)252.7181.7206.6199.0323.5405.0326.5367.0
Portfolio Investment (Net) - current USD (millions)2,112
Trade balance - as % of GDP (%)
Inward flows of Foreign Direct investment - Stock, current USD (millions)87,48594,307102,324
Secondary income (Net) - current USD (millions)27,65718,16118,51924,774
Environment
United Nations Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Indicator2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Carbon Dioxide Emission - metric tons (thousands)
Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP (per 1,000 population)
Forest Area as % of Land Area (%)0.10
Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP (metric tons)
Land area covered by forest (%)